Heart 2000;83:634-640 ( June )

Cardiovascular medicine

The left ventricular dysfunction questionnaire (LVD-36): reliability, validity, and responsiveness C J O'Leary, P W Jones

Division of Physiological Medicine, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK

Correspondence to: Professor Jones email: pjones{at}sghms.ac.uk

Accepted 8 February 2000

OBJECTIVETo examine the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a new health status measure (LVD-36) for patients with left ventricular dysfunction which was designed with emphasis on content validity, clarity, brevity, and ease of use.
DESIGNAt baseline, patients completed the LVD-36 and a range of measures reflecting general health and disease severity. The LVD-36 was repeated after one week. After six months, it was repeated again, along with a transition question to measure global changes in health.
SETTINGPatients were recruited from the cardiology and general medical clinics at a south west London hospital.
PATIENTS60 patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction.
INTERVENTIONSNone.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESShort form 36 questionnaire (SF-36), Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (LIhFE), New York Heart Association criteria, and exercise performance and echocardiographic tests.
RESULTSThe LVD-36 showed good internal consistency ( = 0.95) and repeatability (r_i = 0.95). Its scores were significantly associated with SF-36 mental and physical component scores (r = 0.48 and 0.75; p < 0.0001), with exercise capacity (r = 0.52; p < 0.0001), and with systolic shortening fraction (r = 0.27; p < 0.05). Change in the LVD-36 over six months was associated with change in overall health (F = 5.7; p < 0.001). In tests of validity and responsiveness, the LVD-36 performed similarly to or marginally better than the LIhFE.
CONCLUSIONSThe LVD-36 showed a high level of reliability and validity, and appears to measure changes in health. It provides a short, simple, valid, and reliable measure of health status in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.


Keywords: health status; quality of life; heart failure; left ventricular dysfunction

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© 2000 by Heart
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