CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE

Increased plasma concentrations of interleukin-18 in acute coronary syndromes

Z Mallat¹, P Henry², R Fressonnet², S Alouani³, A Scoazec¹, P Beaufils², Y Chvatchko³, A Tedgui¹

¹ Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U541, et Institut Fédératif de Recherche Paris VII, Hôpital Lariboisiére, 41, Bd de la Chapelle, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
² Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Lariboisiére, rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
³ Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Z Mallat, INSERM U541, Hôpital Lariboisiére, 41, Bd de la Chapelle, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France;
ziad.mallat{at}inserm.lrb.ap-hop-paris.fr

Objective: To examine the relation between plasma concentrations of interleukin-18 (IL-18), the interferon inducing factor, and clinical instability of coronary artery disease.

Design and setting: Observational study in a university hospital.

Patients: 11 patients with unstable angina and negative troponin I, 21 patients with acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction (MI), 21 patients with acute Q wave MI, 9 patients with stable angina, and 11 controls.

Main outcome measures: Plasma IL-18 concentrations and their relation to clinical instability and myocardial dysfunction.

Results: Plasma concentrations of IL-18 were significantly increased in the unstable angina and MI groups in comparison with the stable angina and control groups (p < 0.01). No difference in IL-18 concentrations were found between patients with unstable angina, patients with non-Q wave MI, and patients with Q wave MI. Plasma IL-18 concentrations significantly correlated with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.01).

Conclusions: Plasma IL-18 concentrations are increased in patients with acute coronary syndromes and correlate with the severity of myocardial dysfunction.

Keywords: myocardial infarction; acute coronary syndromes; inflammation; interleukin-18; IL-18

Abbreviations: ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; IL, interleukin; MI, myocardial infarction

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