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Published Online First: 2 May 2006. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.066837
Heart 2007;93:419-422
Copyright © 2007 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Cardiovascular Society

HEART REVIEW

The pressure wire in practice

Lucy J Blows, Simon R Redwood

Cardiothoracic Unit, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK

Correspondence to:
Dr S Redwood
Cardiothoracic Unit, St Thomas’ Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK; simon.redwood{at}gstt.nhs.uk

ABSTRACT

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is increasingly used to evaluate the functional significance of epicardial coronary disease. When compared with non-invasive techniques this index has superior sensitivity and specificity, is largely independent of prevailing haemodynamic conditions and has an unequivocal normal value. Furthermore, it can be used at the time of invasive coronary assessment. FFR measurements are invaluable for evaluation of intermediate coronary lesions but clinical decisions must be based on accurate measurements and an understanding of the limitations of the data supporting its use. This article identifies procedural and clinical issues pertaining to measurement of FFR and identifies potential pitfalls and situations where interpretation can be difficult; for example, the presence of serial stenoses and left main stem disease, its use in specific conditions such as diffuse epicardial disease, microvascular abnormalities, left ventricular dysfunction and acute coronary syndromes.

Abbreviations: BCIS, British Cardiovascular Intervention Society; FFR, fractional flow reserve


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