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Heart 1999;81:107-108; doi:10.1136/hrt.81.2.107
Copyright © 1999 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Cardiovascular Society

Heart 1999;81:107-108 ( February )

Editorial

Training cardiologists in Europe

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Who is a cardiologist? An answer to this question is essential if a common training programme is to be devised in Europe. Yet the answer is very varied. The UK is exceptional in reserving the term for a highly trained specialist, usually with a further research degree, and in scant numbers---approximately 8 per million population. At the other extreme, in some countries the cardiologist has often had minimal training, may be just in outpatient clinical and non-invasive skills, has no research experience, and is in plentiful supply---80 or so per million population. Most countries, such as, France, Germany, and Scandinavia, fall between these two extremes with 20 to 30 cardiologists per million population, all of whom are trained to diagnose and manage the common clinical problems with competence; some will be trained to university or specialist centre standards of expertise.

There is free interchange of labour between the member states of . . . [Full text of this article]


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This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Block, P, Weber, H, Kearney, P, on behalf of the Cardiology Section of the UEMS, (2003). Manpower in cardiology II in western and central Europe (1999-2000). Eur Heart J 24: 299-310 [Full Text]  
  • Petch, M C (2002). Heart disease, guidelines, regulations, and the law. Heart 87: 472-479 [Full Text]  
  • Block, P., Petch, M.C., Letouzey, J.P. (2000). Manpower in cardiology in Europe. Eur Heart J 21: 1135-1140 [Abstract]  

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