Heart 1999;81:111-113 ( February )

Editorial

Normal long axis function

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Ever since the time of Vesalius and Harvey,¹ it has been recognised that the fall in cavity volume with left ventricular systole involves longitudinal as well as circumferential shortening, although the latter plays the dominant role. This asymmetry is reflected in myocardial structuremost of the left ventricular fibres are arranged circumferentially, particularly in the mid-wall and the base of the ventricle, however, with the progressive change in fibre angle across the wall, longitudinally directed fibres are found in the subendocardial and subepicardial free wall (fig 1) as well as in the papillary muscles.²

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In view of the preponderance of circumferential fibres, it seems logical to deduce underlying myocardial function from the extent and velocity of their shortening³; however, the picture of the underlying function reached from observing changes in left ventricular minor axis is at first sight surprising. Normal dimensions fall by 25-40% during ejection, while the . . . [Full text of this article]

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