Heart 2001;85:499-504 ( May )

Review

The fate of acute myocarditis between spontaneous improvement and evolution to dilated cardiomyopathy: a review

A D'Ambrosio^a, G Patti^a, A Manzoli^a, G Sinagra^b, A Di Lenarda^b, F Silvestri^c, G Di Sciascio^a

^a Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via E Longoni n 83, 00155 Rome, Italy, ^b Cardiology Division and University, Trieste, Italy, ^c Institute of Pathology and University, Trieste

Correspondence to: Professor Di Sciascio g.disciascio@unicampus.it

Accepted 24 January 2001

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

	Introduction

The World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology (WHO/ISFC) task force on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies recently updated and reclassified heart muscle diseases.¹ Myocarditis was defined as "an inflammatory disease of the myocardium . . . diagnosed by established histological, immunological, and immunohistochemical criteria." Three distinct forms of inflammatory cardiomyopathy (that is, myocarditis associated with cardiac dysfunction) are recognised: idiopathic, autoimmune, and infectious. Various infectious factors may cause myocarditis, but viral agents, especially coxsackie group B viruses, are most commonly associated with this disease.²

Myocarditis has been recognised for almost two centuries, since Corvisart first described this disease in clinical terms in 1812,³ but in the last three decades there has been renewed interest in the inflammatory process in the myocardium. The reasons for this are multiple: the introduction of endomyocardial biopsy for in vivo diagnosis (the disease was often overdiagnosed in the past on purely clinical grounds)⁴; related . . . [Full text of this article]

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