Review
Nitric oxide: an emerging role in cardioprotection?
R D Rakhita, M S Marberba Waller Department of
Cardiology, St Marys Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK, b Department of Cardiology, St
Thomas's Hospital, London, UK
Correspondence to: Dr Rakhit roby@rakhit.freeserve.co.uk
Accepted 16 May 2001
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
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Introduction |
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Over
a decade of research has shown nitric oxide (NO) to be a ubiquitous
modulator of biological phenomena from cell signal to effector and from
physiology to pathophysiology. The involvement of NO in cardiovascular
biology has contributed significantly to our understanding of complex
disease states including atherosclerosis, systemic and pulmonary
hypertension, endotoxic shock, pre-eclampsia,1 cardiomyopathy,2 and cardiac allograft
rejection.3 However, the emerging role of NO in the
maintenance of cell physiology from immunomodulation to calcium
signalling has highlighted the importance of this fascinating molecule
in cytostasis. This dichotomy of effector function is the "double
edged sword" of NO in biological systems. However, the balance
between cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of NO may lie in the tissue
concentration of NO produced, the particular NO synthase (NOS) isoform
activated (that is, "high output" or "low output"), and the
complex interaction with other free radicals such as superoxide.
However, a much greater understanding
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