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GENERAL CARDIOLOGY
Although several epidemiological studies have suggested that folate supplements can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, the results of clinical trials to date have been mixed. To investigate this further, Bazzano and colleagues performed a meta-analysis of all folate supplementation trials performed over the past 40 years that were found on a MEDLINE search. From 165 relevant reports, only 12 randomised controlled trials compared folate supplementation with placebo or usual care and used clinical cardiovascular disease as an end point; in total these trials analysed 16 958 participants. The overall relative risks of cardiovascular outcomes for patients treated with folate supplementation were 0.95 (CI 0.88 to 1.03) for cardiovascular disease overall, 1.04 (0.92 to 1.17) for coronary heart disease, 0.86 (0.71 to 1.04) for stroke and 0.96 (0.88 to 1.04) for all-cause mortality. The relative risk was consistent among patients with pre-existing renal or cardiovascular disease. Thus, no overall net
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