Table 1
Risk factors for CVD and recommended European target goals: key points
| HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol. | |
| Non-modifiable | |
| • Age | Men: ⩾45 years |
| Women: >55 years | |
| • Personal history of CHD | |
| • Family history of CHD | |
| Modifiable | Target goals |
| • High TC | <5.0 mmol/l (<190 mg/dl) |
| • High LDL-C | <3.0 mmol/l (<115 mg/dl) |
| • Low HDL-C | >1.1 mmol/l (>40 mg/dl) |
| • High triglyceride | <1.2 mmol/l (<150 mg/dl) |
| • Hypertension | <140/85 mm Hg (140/80 or 130/80 mm Hg in diabetes) |
| • Diabetes mellitus | Normalise glucose concentrations (HBA1C below 7 mmol/l) |
| • Current tobacco use | Smoking cessation |
| • Obesity | Body mass index <25 kg/m2 |
| • Sedentary lifestyle | Exercise for 30 minutes 3–5 times weekly |
