Table 5 Clinical characteristics and echocardiography parameters in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) versus HF with normal
left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
| Variables | Systolic HF (n = 64) | HF with normal LVEF (n = 113) | p Value |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 78 (10) | 77 (9) | 0.4 |
| Male, n (%) | 42 (66) | 56 (50) | 0.04 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 (5) | 28 (5) | 0.12 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 136 (21) | 143 (22) | 0.03 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 77 (19) | 79 (13) | 0.45 |
| Abnormal ECG, n (%) | 59 (92) | 70 (79) | <0.001 |
| Past medical history | |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 11 (17) | 17 (15) | 0.70 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 29 (45) | 70 (62) | 0.03 |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 24 (38) | 25 (22) | 0.03 |
| Symptoms and signs of HF | |||
| Shortness of breath, n (%) | 58 (91) | 94 (83) | 0.17 |
| Fatigue, n (%) | 31 (48) | 49 (43) | 0.51 |
| Swelling of legs, n (%) | 19 (30) | 47 (42) | 0.11 |
| Clinical signs of HF, n (%) | 37 (58) | 58 (51) | 0.40 |
| Medication | |||
| Diuretic, n (%) | 35 (55) | 50 (44) | 0.18 |
| ACEI or angiotensin blocker, n (%) | 30 (47) | 38 (34) | 0.08 |
| β Blocker, n (%) | 10 (16) | 25 (22) | 0.29 |
| Aspirin/clopidogrel, n (%) | 27 (42) | 38 (34) | 0.25 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||
| LVEF (%) | 36 (9) | 63 (7) | <0.001 |
| E/A | 1.19 (0.68) | 0.99 (0.59) | 0.08 |
| LVEDD (cm) | 5.66 (1.2) | 4.82 (0.69) | <0.001 |
| LVESD (cm) | 4.47 (1.23) | 2.91 (0.59) | <0.001 |
| PW thickness (cm) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 0.12 |
| IVS thickness (cm) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.3) | 0.02 |
| LAVI (ml/m2) | 22 (11) | 34 (20) | <0.001 |
| Deceleration time (ms) | 179 (67) | 163 (66) | 0.40 |
-
Results are shown as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise.
-
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; BP, blood pressure; IVS, interventricular septal; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; PW, posterior wall.
