Objective Autologous bone marrow stem cells were mobilised and released by cytokines. On the basis of homing and injured microenvironment theories, we investigated the effective reparation of situ transplantation for acute myocardial infarction in rats.

Methods (1) We divided 60 Wistar rats into situ transplantation groug and control group; To duplicate rat’ acute myocardial infarction model by injection of drug; CK, LDH level were checked by automatic biochemistry analyser; (2) 30 Wistar rats were injected rhG-CSF 50 μg/kg.day; (3) We did a control analysis on pathological section between two groups by histological staining technique and computer graphic analysis; (4) Heart function were checked by polygraph system after AMI model 4 weeks.

Results (1) Serum cardiac enzymes were higher after AMI model 48 h than it before AMI model. We saw local necrosis region with grid and trabs shape in endocardium of left ventricular apex and papillary muscle; (2) The infarction size in situ transplantation group was smaller than one in control group; (3) The heart function parameters improved significantly in situ transplantation group compared with control group.

Conclusions (1) Rat's acute myocardial infarction model could be completed by injecting 10 mg/kg isoprenaline interaperitoneally; (2) Infarcted myocardium were repaired and heart function improved by using cytokines.