Objectives To explore the relationship between suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) genetic polymorphisms and overweight and obesity in Uygur Chinese general population in Xinjiang.

Methods 1407 Uygur individuals were enrolled (530 males, 876 females), The 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4949169, rs9914220, rs12953258) in SOCS3 gene were selected, Measure the height, weight, waist and hip circumference, calculate body mass index (BMI).

Results (1) Significant association was found between rs4949168 and the overweight, obesity in males, BMI (GG : AG : AA : (26.44±4.16) kg/m² vs (27.23±4.34) kg/m² vs (27.78±4.48) kg/m², p=0.042). Rs 991 4220 was associated with overweight and obesity in Uygur females in Xinjiang HETIAN area. But rs12953258 was not associated with overweight and obesity in Xinjiang HETIAN area.

Conclusions SOCS3 gene was significant associated with overweight and obesity in Uygur population in Xinjiang HETIAN area, and SOCS3 gene associated with overweight and obesity express distinctive in different gender.