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  • Assessment of valve haemodynamics, reverse ventricular remodelling and myocardial fibrosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation compared to surgical aortic valve replacement: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

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Cardiovascular imaging
Original article
Assessment of valve haemodynamics, reverse ventricular remodelling and myocardial fibrosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation compared to surgical aortic valve replacement: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study
  1. Timothy A Fairbairn1,
  2. Christopher D Steadman2,
  3. Adam N Mather1,
  4. Manish Motwani1,
  5. Daniel J Blackman3,
  6. Sven Plein1,3,
  7. Gerry P McCann2,
  8. John P Greenwood1,3
  1. 1Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
  2. 2Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and the National Institute of Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK
  3. 3Department of Cardiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
  1. Correspondence to Dr J P Greenwood, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK; j.greenwood{at}leeds.ac.uk

Abstract

Objective To compare the effects of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) on aortic valve haemodynamics, ventricular reverse remodelling and myocardial fibrosis (MF) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Design A 1.5 T CMR scan was performed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.

Setting University hospitals of Leeds and Leicester, UK.

Patients 50 (25 TAVI, 25 SAVR; age 77±8 years) high-risk severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) patients.

Main outcome measures Valve haemodynamics, ventricular volumes, ejection fraction (EF), mass and MF.

Results Patients were matched for gender and AS severity but not for age (80±6 vs 73±7 years, p=0.001) or EuroSCORE (22±14 vs 7±3, p<0.001). Aortic valve mean pressure gradient decreased to a greater degree post-TAVI compared to SAVR (21±8 mm Hg vs 35±13 mm Hg, p=0.017). Aortic regurgitation reduced by 8% in both groups, only reaching statistical significance for TAVI (p=0.003). TAVI and SAVR improved (p<0.05) left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volumes (46±18 ml/m2 vs 41±17 ml/m2; 44±22 ml/m2 vs32±6 ml/m2) and mass (83±20 g/m2 vs 65±15 g/m2; 74±11 g/m2 vs 59±8 g/m2). SAVR reduced end-diastolic volumes (92±19 ml/m2 vs 74±12 ml/m2, p<0.001) and TAVI increased EF (52±12% vs 56±10%, p=0.01). MF reduced post-TAVI (10.9±6% vs 8.5±5%, p=0.03) but not post-SAVR (4.2±2% vs 4.1±2%, p=0.98). Myocardial scar (p≤0.01) and baseline ventricular volumes (p<0.001) were the major predictors of reverse remodelling.

Conclusions TAVI was comparable to SAVR at LV reverse remodelling and superior at reducing the valvular pressure gradient and MF. Future work should assess the prognostic importance of reverse remodelling and fibrosis post-TAVI to aid patient selection.

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303927

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