Objectives To evaluate the clinical value of cardiovascular function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus by wave intensity and Tissue Doppler Imaging.

Methods According to the course of disease, 30 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided in to two groups: T2DM group 1, the course of disease between 1 year to 5 years, T2DM group 2, the course of disease was longer than 5 years. 30 healthy volunteers were considered as control group. The parameters of accelerating wave intensity (W1), decelerating wave intensity (W2), negative area (NA), time interval between the R-wave of ECG and the first peak (R-W1), the first and second peaks (W1-W2), elasticity modulus (Ep), stiffness index (β), arterial compliance (AC), pulse wave velocity (PWVβ) and intima media thickness (IMT) were calculated by wave intensity. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), early diastolic peak speed (E), late diastolic peak velocity (A), E / A and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were detected by two dimensional echocardiography. Mitral annular early diastolic peak speeds (Em), late diastolic peak velocity (Am) and Em / Am were detected by Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI). Then recorded three groups data and compared.

Results Compared with the control group, β, PWVβ, Ep in T2DM group were increased significantly (P < 0.01or P < 0.05), while AC was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). IMT in T2DM group 2 was thicker significantly than control group (P < 0.01). PWVβ, Ep, IMT in T2DM group 2 were significantly higher than those of T2DM group 1 (P < 0.05). W2 in T2DM group 2 were significantly higher than those of T2DM group 1 and control group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). E/A, Em and Em/Am in T2DM group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with T2DM group 1, Em in T2DM group 2 was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In T2DM group, there were positive correlation between IMT and Ep, β, PWVβ (r = 0.48, r = 0.385,r = 0.478, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); positive correlation between Em and E (r = 0.404, P < 0.05), positive correlation between Em / Am and E / Em, E / A (r = 0.602, r = 0.559, P < 0.01);negative correlation between Em and IVRT (r = -0.653,P <0.01); positive correlation between W1 and LVEF (r = 0.627, P < 0.01);positive correlation between W1-W2 and LVET (r = 0.847, P < 0.01); no correlation between W2 and E/A, E/Em, Em/Am, IVRT(P > 0.05).

Conclusions The elasticity of carotid artery and the diastolic function of left ventricular were decreased in T2DM patients, while the systolic function of left ventricular was normal.