Non-significant haemodynamic variables in monochorionic diamniotic twin fetuses with and without twin-twin transfusion syndrome
| Variable | Twin 1 (n=87) | Twin 2 (n=89) | Recipient (n=41) | Donor (n=45) | ANOVA (p value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean (SD). | |||||
| One twin 1, five recipients, and two donors were excluded because of intrauterine demise before fetal echocardiography. One twin and one recipient were excluded because of structural heart defects (pulmonary valve stenosis and pulmonary atresia with intact septum, respectively). | |||||
| ANOVA, analysis of variance; AoI, aortic valve diameter indexed to estimated fetal weight; AT, acceleration time; CVOI, combined ventricular output index; ET, ejection time; LVOI, left ventricular output index; PVI, pulmonary valve diameter indexed to estimated fetal weight; RVOI, right ventricular output index. | |||||
| AoI (cm/kg) | 0.69 (0.33) | 0.73 (0.31) | 0.65 (0.21) | 0.72 (0.30) | 0.09 |
| PVI (cm/kg) | 0.86 (0.39) | 0.92 (0.39) | 0.78 (0.25) | 0.99 (0.37) | 0.08 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 143 (9.6) | 145 (8.7) | 144 (9.5) | 146 (11.0) | 0.45 |
| Aortic ET (ms) | 184 (20) | 185 (21) | 189 (23) | 180 (21) | 0.46 |
| Aortic AT (ms) | 49 (13) | 51 (15) | 48 (12) | 45 (13) | 0.27 |
| Pulmonary ET(ms) | 197 (25) | 193 (24) | 201 (32) | 187 (26) | 0.20 |
| Pulmonary AT (ms) | 42 (15) | 45 (13) | 41 (12) | 39 (12) | 0.23 |
| LVOI (ml/min/kg) | 196 (84) | 196 (67) | 204 (100) | 183 (107) | 0.84 |
| RVOI (ml/min/kg) | 292 (124) | 327 (147) | 311 (142) | 268 (98) | 0.27 |
| CVOI (ml/min/kg) | 488 (164) | 532 (199) | 471 (151) | 440 (165) | 0.26 |