Comparison of frequency of individual cardiovascular malformations in live born babies of non-diabetic mothers
| CVM in offspring of non-diabetic mothers (%) | Overall CVM Hoffman (%) | CVM in maternal diabetes (%)* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Summarised from six studies in table 2. | |||
| Individual malformations with the most notable excess in infants of diabetic mothers are shown in bold. | |||
| HLH | 1.5 | 2.8 | 1.6 |
| MA | 0.3 | – | 0.8 |
| TA | 0.4 | – | 3.2 |
| DIV | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.8 |
| PA | 2.0 | – | 3.2 |
| CAT | 0.9 | 1.4 | 4.0 |
| AVSD | 5.0 | 3.8 | 2.4 |
| TGA | 4.3 | 4.4 | 14.4 |
| ToF | 4.5 | 5.2 | 7.2 |
| VSD | 51.8 | 32.4 | 28.0 |
| AS | 2.2 | 3.9 | 1.6 |
| PS | 7.1 | 7.0 | 5.6 |
| CoA | 3.4 | 4.8 | 8.8 |
| ASD | 7.3 | 7.5 | 6.4 |
| PDA | 5.7 | 6.8 | 2.4 |
| Misc | 3.9 | – | 9.6 |