Demographic characteristics and mean levels of covariates used in the analysis of patients in the ATLAS trial by high dose (32.5 or 35 mg) and low dose (2.5 or 5 mg) lisinopril
| Demographic characteristics and mean levels of covariates | High dose lisinopril (n=1568) | Low dose lisinopril (n=1596) |
|---|---|---|
| Values are n (%) unless specified. In the competing risks model the value closest to randomisation was used for all covariates except left ventricular ejection fraction and age where the baseline value was used. | ||
| *Other includes Asian, Hispanic, mixed, oriental. | ||
| †Investigators could allocate more than one aetiology to an individual patient. | ||
| an=1566;bn=1593;cn=1561;dn=1588;en=1557;fn=1586;gn=1558;hn=1587;in=1553;jn=1586. | ||
| ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association. | ||
| Age (years) (mean (SD)) | 63.6 (10.5) | 63.6 (10.3) |
| Age ≥70 years | 513 (32.7) | 475 (29.8) |
| Male sex | 1251 (79.8) | 1265 (79.3) |
| Race | ||
| White | 1417 (90.4) | 1451 (90.9) |
| Afro-Caribbean | 99 (6.3) | 105 (6.6) |
| Other* | 52 (3.3) | 40 (2.5) |
| Aetiology of chronic heart failure† | ||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 999 (63.7) | 1036 (64.9) |
| Hypertension | 301 (19.2) | 332 (20.8) |
| Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy | 453 (28.9) | 437 (27.4) |
| Valvar disease | 96 (6.1) | 88 (5.5) |
| Aetiology unknown/not specified | 43 (2.7) | 43 (2.7) |
| Other cause | 77 (4.9) | 66 (4.1) |
| NYHA class | ||
| II | 262 (16.7) | 231 (14.5) |
| III | 1194 (76.1) | 1252 (78.4) |
| IV | 112 (7.1) | 113 (7.1) |
| LVEF (%) (mean (SD)) | 22.6 (5.7) | 22.6 (5.6) |
| Weight (kg) (mean (SD)) | 78.9 (16.0) | 78.9 (16.7) |
| Previous ACE inhibitor | ||
| Yes | 1390 (88.6) | 1420 (89.0) |
| Previous myocardial infarction | ||
| Yes | 864 (55.1) | 887 (55.6) |
| Severe or unstable angina pectoris | ||
| Yes | 226 (14.4) | 250 (15.7) |
| Atrial fibrillation | ||
| Yes | 286 (18.2) | 276 (17.3) |
| Duration of heart failure (years) (mean (SD)) | 3.4 (3.5) | 3.4 (3.5) |
| Heart rate (beats/min) (mean (SD)) | 80 (14)a | 80 (15)b |
| Blood chemistry/haematology | ||
| Sodium (mmol/l) (mean (SD)) | 139.4 (3.8)c | 139.5 (3.6)d |
| Potassium (mmol/l) (mean (SD)) | 4.5 (0.5)e | 4.5 (0.5)f |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) (mean (SD)) | 119.7 (31.9)g | 121.3 (33.1)h |
| Haemoglobin (g/l) (mean (SD)) | 143 (15)i | 143 (15)j |