Holter monitoring and autonomic function testing
| Vagal AF | Non-vagal AF | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Mean (SD) | |||
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 69 (10)* | 69 (9)* | 0.95 |
| Atrial premature beats | 62 (21–1654) | 37 (8–113) | 0.12 |
| SDNN (ms) | 126 (49)* | 127 (31)* | 0.98 |
| RMSSD (ms) | 41 (32–45) | 24.5 (18–34) | 0.006 |
| PNN50 (%) | 7.8 (3.8–16.8) | 4.0 (1.3–8.1) | 0.064 |
| Total power (ms) | 36 (15)* | 28 (10)* | 0.067 |
| Low frequency power (ms) | 24 (12–35) | 17.5 (12–21) | 0.11 |
| High frequency power (ms) | 13 (8–15) | 8 (6–12) | 0.079 |
| Deep breathing (beats/min) | 10 (9–18) | 12 (7–20) | 0.97 |
| Isometric handgrip (mmHg) | 20 (15–27) | 19 (14–27.5) | 0.90 |
| Valsalva manoeuvre | 1.30 (1.22–1.50) | 1.37 (1.22–1.49) | 0.76 |
| Standing up, 30:15 ratio | 1.25 (1.19–1.32) | 1.15 (1.07–1.29) | 0.19 |
| BRS (ms/mm Hg) | 10.3 (7.5–14.5) | 6.3 (3.8–9.0) | 0.12 |