Clinical details of the patients
| Standard AVR | Silzone AVR | p Value | Standard MVR/DVR | Silzone MVR/DVR | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are n (%) unless stated otherwise. | ||||||
| AVR, aortic valve replacement; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; DVR, double valve replacement; MVR, mitral valve replacement; NYHA, New York Heart Association. | ||||||
| Number of patients | 70 | 32 | 35/11 | 13/6 | ||
| Follow up (years) | 326 | 104 | 203 | 49 | ||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 64 (10) | 61 (10) | 0.137 | 66 (7) | 61 (10) | 0.041 |
| Range | 36 to 80 | 41 to 78 | 47 to 81 | 44 to 76 | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 43 (61) | 20 (63) | 0.918 | 16 (35) | 1 (5) | 0.014 |
| Female | 27 (39) | 12 (37) | 0.918 | 30 (65) | 18 (95) | 0.014 |
| Current smoking | 11 (16) | 6 (19) | 0.703 | 3 (7) | 3 (16) | 0.240 |
| NYHA class | ||||||
| I–II | 39 (56) | 12 (37) | 0.088 | 9 (20) | 2 (10) | 0.377 |
| III–IV | 31 (44) | 20 (63) | 0.088 | 37 (80) | 17 (90) | 0.377 |
| CABG at operation | 21 (30) | 8 (25) | 0.603 | 15 (33) | 1 (5) | 0.020 |
| Angina pectoris | 36 (51) | 17 (53) | 0.874 | 12 (26) | 1 (5) | 0.056 |
| CAD at angiography | 30 (43) | 10 (31) | 0.265 | 21 (46) | 3 (16) | 0.023 |
| Previous thromboembolism | 6 (9) | 4 (13) | 0.536 | 11 (24) | 3 (16) | 0.469 |
| Concomitant disease | ||||||
| Systemic hypertension | 18 (26) | 10 (31) | 0.561 | 11 (24) | 2 (11) | 0.220 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 37 (53) | 14 (44) | 0.393 | 36 (78) | 19 (100) | 0.027 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 7 (10) | 2 (6) | 0.536 | 5 (11) | 1 (5) | 0.478 |
| Previous myocardial infarct | 5 (7) | 1 (3) | 0.424 | 4 (9) | 0 (0) | 0.185 |
| Congestive heart failure | 11 (16) | 2 (6) | 0.184 | 31 (67) | 6 (32) | 0.008 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 8 (11) | 4 (13) | 0.876 | 37 (80) | 16 (84) | 0.721 |
| Previous valvotomy | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.627 | 5 (11) | 7 (37) | 0.040 |
| Valve pathology | ||||||
| Rheumatic | 17 (24) | 5 (16) | 0.324 | 39 (85) | 18 (95) | 0.267 |
| Congenital | 29 (41) | 19 (59) | 0.092 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Degenerative | 10 (14) | 2 (6) | 0.242 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Senile calcification | 11 (16) | 6 (19) | 0.703 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Valve lesion | ||||||
| Stenosis or mixed lesion | 64 (91) | 29 (91) | 0.894 | 33 (72) | 17 (90) | 0.123 |
| Pure regurgitation | 6 (9) | 3 (9) | 0.894 | 13 (28) | 2 (10) | 0.123 |