Prevalence of additional cardiac abnormalities in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) with a comparison of frequencies between the adult and paediatric groups
| Group | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Paediatric | Adult | ||
| ASD, atrial septal defect; CoA, coarctation of the aorta; IPS, infundibular pulmonary stenosis; NA, not applicable; NS, not significant; PBS, pulmonary branch stenosis; PDA, persistent ductus arteriosus. | ||||
| IPS | 84 (5.80%) | 36 (4.31%) | 48 (7.84%) | <0.005 |
| Aortic prolapse | 52 (3.59%) | 11 (1.32%) | 41 (6.70%) | <0.0001 |
| Pulmonary valvar stenosis | 39 (2.69%) | 25 (2.99%) | 14 (2.29%) | NS |
| Osteum secundum ASD | 32 (2.21%) | 23 (2.75%) | 9 (1.47%) | NS |
| PDA | 27 (1.86%) | 24 (2.87%) | 3 (0.49%) | <0.001 |
| CoA | 22 (1.52%) | 20 (2.39%) | 2 (0.33%) | <0.005 |
| Osteum secundum ASD and PDA | 13 (0.90%) | 12 (1.44%) | 1 (0.16%) | <0.05 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 12 (0.83%) | 5 (0.60%) | 7 (1.14%) | NS |
| IPS and aortic prolapse | 8 (0.55%) | 3 (0.36%) | 5 (0.82%) | NS |
| Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome | 5 (0.35%) | 3 (0.36%) | 2 (0.33%) | NS |
| Aortic valvar stenosis | 3 (0.21%) | 2 (0.24%) | 1 (0.16%) | NS |
| Pulmonary valvar stenosis and PDA | 3 (0.21%) | 3 (0.36%) | 0 | NA |
| PBS | 3 (0.21%) | 0 | 3 (0.49%) | NA |
| CoA and IPS | 2 (0.14%) | 2 (0.24%) | 0 | NA |
| Aortic valvar stenosis and CoA | 2 (0.14%) | 2 (0.24%) | 0 | NA |
| IPS and osteum secundum ASD | 2 (0.14%) | 1 (0.12%) | 1 (0.16%) | NA |
| PBS and ASD | 2 (0.14%) | 1 (0.12%) | 1 (0.16%) | NA |
| Mitral stenosis | 2 (0.14%) | 0 | 2 (0.33%) | NA |
| Dextrocardia | 2 (0.14%) | 0 | 2 (0.33%) | NA |
| Aortic prolapse and IPS and CoA | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |
| Pulmonary supravalvar stenosis | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |
| Aortic valvar stenosis and PDA | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |
| Mitral stenosis and CoA | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |
| PDA and CoA | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |
| IPS and PDA and aortic stenosis | 1 (0.07%) | 1 (0.12%) | 0 | NA |