• Nulliparity |
• Multiple pregnancy |
• Family history of pre-eclampsia |
• Chronic hypertension |
• Diabetes |
• Increased insulin resistance |
• Increased body mass index |
• Hypercoagulability (inherited thrombophilia) |
• Renal disease even without significant impairment |
• Low socioeconomic status |
• Antiphospholipid syndrome (acquired thrombophilia) |
• Previous pre-eclampsia |
• Hydatidiform mole |
• Black race |