Use of oral glucocorticoids and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, stratified according to type of outcome event
| Outcome event | Cases (n = 50656) | Controls (n = 50656) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Adjusted for use of NSAIDs, HRT, antihypertensive drugs, nitrates, oral anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, antidiabetic drugs, bronchodilators, cromoglycates, inhaled glucocorticoids, DMARDs, smoking, and BMI. | ||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | ||||
| Ever used oral glucocorticoids | ||||
| Yes | 5 298 (25.6%) | 4 956 (24.0%) | 1.13 (1.08 to 1.20) | 1.09 (1.03 to 1.15) |
| Timing of oral glucocorticoid use | ||||
| Current use | 2 507 (12.1%) | 2 115 (20.2%) | 1.26 (1.18 to 1.35) | 1.20 (1.11 to 1.29) |
| Recent use | 1 310 (6.3%) | 1 422 (6.9%) | 0.98 (0.90 to 1.06) | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.02) |
| Past use | 1 481 (7.2%) | 1 419 (6.9%) | 1.10 (1.01 to 1.19) | 1.07 (0.98 to 1.17) |
| Heart failure | ||||
| Ever used oral glucocorticoids | ||||
| Yes | 6 401 (44.4%) | 4 763 (33.1%) | 2.00 (1.88 to 2.12) | 1.91 (1.79 to 2.03) |
| Timing of oral glucocorticoid use | ||||
| Current use | 4 020 (27.9%) | 2 209 (15.3%) | 2.77 (2.57 to 2.97) | 2.66 (2.46 to 2.87) |
| Recent use | 1 299 (9.0%) | 1 315 (9.1%) | 1.48 (1.35 to 1.62) | 1.40 (1.27 to 1.55) |
| Past use | 1 082 (7.5%) | 1 239 (8.6%) | 1.23 (1.12 to 1.36) | 1.19 (1.08 to 1.32) |
| Stroke/transient ischaemic attack | ||||
| Ever used oral glucocorticoids | ||||
| Yes | 3 656 (23.4%) | 3 676 (23.6%) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.05) | 0.95 (0.89 to 1.01) |
| Timing of oral glucocorticoid use | ||||
| Current use | 1 640 (10.5%) | 1 691 (10.8%) | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.04) | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.99) |
| Recent use | 882 (5.7%) | 944 (6.1%) | 0.93 (0.84 to 1.03) | 0.89 (0.80 to 0.99) |
| Past use | 1 134 (7.3%) | 1 041 (6.7%) | 1.09 (0.99 to 1.20) | 1.06 (0.96 to 1.17) |