Table 1

 Results of thematic analysis

Patient information concernsIllustrative quotations from interview transcriptsIdentified functions of audiotape
Patients without access to tapePatients with access to tape
Difficulty taking in information or fear of missing information“As somebody explains to you ‘this is a life threatening procedure’…you start to go in your mind very fast, and you’re not listening to what the guy’s saying to you…” (Pt T)“You’re trying to take everything in…but there could be one thing, you know, that you’ve missed. So it was nice to have the tape…” (Pt L)Fills gaps, enables patients to take in information as and when ready
Understanding information, including risk information“Some of the things he said I didn’t fully understand… He said something about ‘you could have a heart attack or you could have a stroke’. Now I didn’t quite know whether he meant if I didn’t have the operation I could have a heart attack or stroke – or I could have a heart attack or stroke having the operation… He wasn’t very clear.” (Pt A)“He explained the types of risks and fatalities he had, you know, percentages, and such things… Talking about it straight away through the interview, I was a bit up and down my understanding level, but when I got home and put the tape on I got more understanding from it, which made me a bit more comfortable...” (Pt P)Enables patient to revisit and process information and clarifies whether further information required
Difficulty with recall of “one off” consultation“I can’t remember half of what he said. If I’d got a tape I’d be clearer in my mind” (Pt D) “That’s the way I think it happened…he might not have said it that way at all. A tape would put your mind at rest” (Pt M)“When we got home you’d be thinking, oh, what did he say about warfarin?… I can always put the tape on and listen again” (Pt L) “All I listened for, to see if it was exactly the same as it were put over” (Pt S)Enables patient to “re-hear” consultation, provides an exact record of the two way dialogue that can be revisited over time
Difficulty with recall of two way dialogue“Disappointed not to get a recording because after a couple of weeks you’ve forgotten everything you said and that he said” (Pt I)“I listened to it just to know what I had said and what Mr (GC) had said to me. As I’m getting older I’m getting more forgetful” (Pt F)
Communicating to others“It’s hard when you come home, ‘What’s he said?’ and you can’t remember…” (Pt Q)“The tapes are very handy for me to let my wife know…what I might have said wasn’t what really happened, so she now knows what really happened at the interview” (Pt R)Exact record can be shared with family, friends and others