Clinical characteristics of all groups
| Control group (n = 26) | DHF (n = 25) | SHF (n = 27) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data are mean (SD), number (%), or median (interquartile range). | ||||
| BMI, body mass index; DHF, diastolic heart failure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; NA, not applicable; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SHF, systolic heart failure. | ||||
| Age (years) | 76.1 (3.5) | 80.4 (4.5) | 79.8 (5.2) | 0.002 |
| Men | 14 (53.8%) | 12 (48%) | 16 (59.3%) | 0.71 |
| Smokers | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (4%) | 5 (18.5%) | 0.10 |
| Weight (kg) | 69.9 (12.8) | 65.2 (9.8) | 63.6 (12.7) | 0.14 |
| BMI | 24.6 (3.48) | 25.5 (3.6) | 23.24 (2.7) | 0.04 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 88.90 (13.11) | 89.5 (10.15) | 82.9 (12.7) | 0.10 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.89 (0.14) | 0.93 (0.9) | 0.91 (0.17) | 0.67 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 137.34 (17.2) | 139.1 (23.3) | 126.4 (22.8) | 0.07 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 74.53 (7.6) | 74.3 (8.32) | 72.85 (13.4) | 0.80 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 66.3 (9.8) | 76.8 (15.1) | 81.3 (23.6) | 0.008 |
| 6 minute walk test (m) | 379.5 (69.6) | 248.2 (106.9) | 221.4 (101.8) | 0.0001 |
| NYHA class | 0.18 | |||
| I | NA | 0 | 1 (3.7%) | |
| II | NA | 12 (48%) | 14 (51.9%) | |
| III | NA | 13 (52%) | 9 (40.9%) | |
| IV | NA | 0 | 3 (11.1%) | |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.38 (0.97) | 5.32 (1.24) | 4.69 (1.08) | 0.03 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.63 (0.39) | 1.62 (0.48) | 1.40 (0.40) | 0.96 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.27 (0.70) | 3.10 (1.00) | 2.73 (0.99) | 0.07 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.10 (0.80–1.20) | 1.20 (1.00–1.50) | 1.15 (0.90–1.40) | 0.12 |