Characteristics of study participants
| Controls (n = 31) | White CAD (n = 90) | South Asian CAD (n = 49) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *White CAD v South Asians CAD and controls; †white CAD v South Asian CAD; ‡controls v CAD patients; §comparisons between patient groups only; ¶controls v white CAD v South Asian CAD. | ||||
| ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CAS, coronary atheroma score; CSS, coronary stenosis score; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LV, left ventricular; MI, myocardial infarction; SBP, systolic blood pressure. | ||||
| Age (years) | 65 (10) | 62 (6) | 61 (9) | 0.068 |
| Males (%) | 15 | 61 | 34 | 0.108 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 131 (12) | 142 (22) | 130 (17) | 0.001* |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 76 (10) | 79 (10) | 74 (10) | 0.022† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29 (28–31) | 29 (26–34) | 28 (25–30) | 0.444 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.5 (1.1) | 4.5 (1.1) | 4.5 (1.0) | 0.001‡ |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 1.7 (1.2–2.6) | 1.5 (1.1–2.4) | 0.128 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.55 (0.35) | 1.28 (0.36) | 1.25 (0.25) | 0.001‡ |
| Smokers (%) | 13 | 3 | 0.142§ | |
| Previous MI (%) | 36 | 22 | 0.576§ | |
| LV dysfunction (%) | 25 | 13 | 0.582§ | |
| Patients with diabetes (%) | 23 | 22 | 0.020§ | |
| Statin treatment (%) | 78 | 33 | 0.007§ | |
| ACE inhibitor (%) | 35 | 21 | 0.649§ | |
| CAS | 1.04 (0.50–1.80) | 0.82 (0.43–1.62) | 0.481§ | |
| CSS | 0.90 (0.38–1.61) | 0.77 (0.20–1.32) | 0.396§ | |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 5.2 (3.7–6.2) | 3.0 (2.0–4.2) | 2.3 (1.8–3.0) | <0.001¶ |