Required surgery for left sided endocarditis caused by S lugdunensis (univariate analysis of episodes reported between 1988 and 2003 plus cases from the study institutions)
| Variable | n | Surgery required | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Detailed in table 4; †includes aortic valve involvement also in multivalvar infection; ‡year of publication. | |||||
| Age | >50 years | 38 | 17 (45%) | 1 | 0.01 |
| <50 years | 19 | 15 (79%) | 4.6 (1.2 to 16.5) | ||
| Sex | F | 25 | 15 (60%) | 1 | 0.6 |
| M | 32 | 17 (53%) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.2) | ||
| Previous heart disease* | No | 32 | 17 (53%) | 1 | 0.6 |
| Yes | 25 | 15 (60%) | 1.3 (0.4 to 3.8) | ||
| Co-morbidity* | No | 41 | 27 (66%) | 1 | 0.02 |
| Yes | 16 | 5 (31%) | 0.2 (0.07 to 0.8) | ||
| Source of infection* | Unknown | 33 | 19 (57%) | 1 | 0.8 |
| Known | 24 | 13 (54%) | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.5) | ||
| Endocarditic valve | Prosthetic | 8 | 5 (62%) | 1 | 0.7 |
| Native | 49 | 27 (55%) | 0.7 (0.1 to 3.4) | ||
| Valve involved | Mitral | 28 | 10 (36%) | 1 | 0.003 |
| Aortic† | 29 | 22 (76%) | 5.6 (1.8 to 17.8) | ||
| Number of valves | 1 | 49 | 26 (53%) | 1 | 0.2 |
| >1 | 8 | 6 (75%) | 2.6 (0.5 to 14.4) | ||
| Acute onset (<30 days) | No | 10 | 6 (60%) | 1 | 0.6 |
| Yes | 28 | 19 (68%) | 1.4 (0.3 to 6.2) | ||
| Embolisation | No | 29 | 16 (55%) | 1 | 0.3 |
| Yes | 17 | 12 (70%) | 1.9 (0.5 to 6.9) | ||
| Diagnosis‡ | <1995 | 22 | 11 (50%) | 1 | 0.5 |
| >1995 | 35 | 21 (60%) | 1.5 (0.5 to 4.4) | ||
| Periannular abscess | No | 41 | 19 (46%) | 1 | 0.02 |
| Yes | 16 | 13 (81%) | 5.0 (1.2 to 20.3) | ||
| Heart failure | No | 20 | 10 (50%) | 1 | 0.2 |
| Yes | 26 | 18 (69%) | 2.2 (0.7 to 7.5) | ||