Systemic arterial haemodynamic variables | | | | |
Systolic aortic pressure (mm Hg) | 113 (13) | 107 (14) | 129 (15)*† | 162 (12)*† |
Diastolic aortic pressure (mm Hg) | 82 (12) | 72 (10) | 90 (14)† | 121 (12)*† |
Pulse pressure (mm Hg) | 32 (4) | 35 (9) | 39 (9) | 40 (10) |
Systemic arterial resistance (dyn.s/cm5) | 1512 (306) | 1406 (283) | 1628 (322) | 2392 (534)*† |
Systemic arterial compliance (ml/mm Hg) | 1.87 (0.32) | 1.69 (0.40) | 1.51 (0.43)* | 1.13 (0.24)*† |
Effective arterial elastance (mm Hg/ml) | 1.94 (0.42) | 2.02 (0.37) | 2.31 (0.46) | 3.37 (0.77)*† |
Catheter derived AS haemodynamic variables | | | |
Catheter derived EOA (cm2) | 2.50 (0.27) | 0.64 (0.19)* | 0.71 (0.22)* | 0.82 (0.34)* |
Catheter maximum gradient (mm Hg) | 2 (3) | 46 (19)* | 41 (14)* | 30 (12)*† |
Catheter mean gradient (mm Hg) | 1 (1) | 31 (14)* | 27 (10)* | 20 (9)*† |
Catheter peak to peak gradient (mm Hg) | 1 (1) | 37 (18)* | 29 (12)*† | 16 (11)*† |
Doppler derived AS haemodynamic variables | | | |
Doppler EOA (cm2) | 2.28 (0.27) | 0.51 (0.11)* | 0.56 (0.13)* | 0.66 (0.14)*† |
Aortic diameter (mm) | 20.1 (2.1) | 18.0 (1.6)* | 19.4 (1.8) | 21.0 (2.1)† |
Energy loss coefficient (cm2) | 2.47 (0.28) | 0.68 (0.27)* | 0.75 (0.27)* | 0.85 (0.29)* |
Doppler maximum gradient (mm Hg) | 6 (1) | 68 (20)* | 64 (20)* | 46 (13)*† |
Doppler mean gradient (mm Hg) | 3 (1) | 47 (15)* | 43 (12)* | 31 (9)*† |
LV systolic function | | | | |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 90 (7) | 89 (7) | 95 (8) | 112 (16)*† |
Stroke volume (ml) | 54 (8) | 49 (8) | 51 (9) | 45 (9) |
Cardiac output (l/min) | 4.84 (0.86) | 4.37 (0.90) | 4.86 (1.16) | 4.85 (1.05) |
Mean systolic flow rate (ml/s) | 198 (23) | 162 (25)* | 175 (31) | 173 (27)* |
Peak LV systolic wall stress (kdyn/cm2) | 193 (45) | 268 (82) | 293 (81)* | 360 (66)*† |