Patient and surgical variables and hazard ratios (HR) for readmission because of heart failure from a multivariate model with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
| All patients (n = 7493) | Patients readmitted for heart failure (n = 576) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % of all | HR | 95% CI | |
| *p<0.05 versus reference category; †serum ASAT ⩾2.55 μkat/l with ASAT:ALAT ratio ⩾1.5. | ||||||
| CP, cardiopulmonary; IMA, internal mammary artery; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PMI, perioperative myocardial injury. | ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 5905 | 79 | 434 | 7 | Reference | |
| Female | 1588 | 21 | 142 | 9 | 1.3* | 1.1 to 1.6 |
| Age at time of surgery (years) | ||||||
| ⩽49 | 690 | 9 | 34 | 5 | Reference | |
| 50–59 | 1947 | 26 | 95 | 5 | 0.7* | 0.5 to 0.9 |
| 60–69 | 3284 | 44 | 294 | 9 | 1.2 | 0.9 to 1.5 |
| ⩾70 | 1572 | 21 | 153 | 10 | 1.4* | 1.1 to 1.9 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never smoked | 2564 | 35 | 182 | 7 | Reference | |
| Ex-smoker | 4102 | 55 | 340 | 8 | 1.2 | 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Current smoker | 781 | 10 | 54 | 7 | 1.4 | 1.0 to 1.9 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | 4752 | 63 | 358 | 8 | Reference | |
| Yes | 2741 | 37 | 218 | 8 | 1.1 | 0.9 to 1.3 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| No | 6383 | 85 | 453 | 7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 1110 | 15 | 123 | 11 | 1.5* | 1.2 to 1.8 |
| Previous MIs | ||||||
| None | 2898 | 39 | 114 | 4 | Reference | |
| 1 | 3109 | 41 | 229 | 7 | 1.4* | 1.1 to 1.8 |
| ⩾2 | 1482 | 20 | 233 | 16 | 2.3* | 1.8 to 3.0 |
| Angina status | ||||||
| Stable | 6038 | 81 | 426 | 7 | Reference | |
| Unstable | 1454 | 19 | 149 | 10 | 1.2 | 1.0 to 1.6 |
| Dyspnoea | ||||||
| No | 5744 | 77 | 390 | 7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 1749 | 23 | 186 | 11 | 1.6* | 1.4 to 2.0 |
| Preoperative atrial fibrillation | ||||||
| No | 5534 | 74 | 406 | 7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 1959 | 26 | 170 | 9 | 1.3* | 1.1 to 1.6 |
| Left ventricular function | ||||||
| Intact | 4530 | 61 | 196 | 4 | Reference | |
| Moderate dysfunction | 2486 | 33 | 266 | 11 | 1.8* | 1.5 to 2.2 |
| Severe dysfunction | 474 | 6 | 114 | 24 | 3.8* | 2.9 to 4.8 |
| NYHA class | ||||||
| I-II | 352 | 5 | 12 | 3 | Reference | |
| IIIA | 2959 | 39 | 154 | 5 | 1.1 | 0.6 to 2.0 |
| IIIB | 3488 | 47 | 335 | 10 | 1.4 | 0.8 to 2.5 |
| IV | 693 | 9 | 75 | 11 | 1.4 | 0.7 to 2.8 |
| Coronary stenoses | ||||||
| 1 | 472 | 6 | 18 | 4 | Reference | |
| 2 | 1695 | 23 | 100 | 6 | 1.5 | 0.9 to 2.5 |
| 3 | 5318 | 71 | 458 | 9 | 1.8* | 1.1 to 3.0 |
| Left main stem stenosis | ||||||
| No | 5869 | 78 | 438 | 7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 1624 | 22 | 138 | 9 | 1.1 | 0.9 to 1.3 |
| CP bypass time (min) | ||||||
| ⩽119 | 6356 | 85 | 430 | 7 | Reference | |
| ⩾120 | 1134 | 15 | 145 | 13 | 1.2 | 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Use of IMA | ||||||
| No | 897 | 12 | 107 | 12 | Reference | |
| Yes | 6596 | 88 | 469 | 7 | 0.8* | 0.6 to 0.9 |
| PMI† | ||||||
| No | 6802 | 91 | 462 | 7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 691 | 9 | 114 | 16 | 2.3* | 1.8 to 2.8 |