Risk factors for calcific aortic stenosis
| *Low density lipoprotein, Lp(a) lipoprotein. |
| Clinical |
| Age |
| Male sex |
| Smoking |
| Hypertension |
| Diabetes mellitus |
| Coronary artery disease |
| Chronic renal failure |
| Paget’s disease |
| Hyperparathyroidism |
| Biochemical |
| Hyperlipidaemia* |
| Hypercalcaemia |
| Raised serum creatinine |