Table 2

Daily time-series studies with air pollution exposures and myocardial infarction (MI) outcomes: summary interpretation

First author and yearSignificant effect of exposure?Adjusted for season and trend?MI events: validation or specified criteriaAdjusted for temperatureAdjusted for infectious disease levelsAdjusted for day of week?Investigated different lag effects?
PM2.5PM10O3CONO2SO2Other particulate exposuresOther non-particle exposures
Daily time-series studies
Fatal and non-fatal events
    Cendon 200611NoYesNoNoYes
    Lanki 200612NoNoYesNoNo (PNC)
    Koken 200313NoProtective effectNoNoNoN/A*
    Mann 20025NoProtective effectYesYes
    Ye 200114NoNoNoYesNoN/A*
    Linn 200015YesNoYesYes
    Poloniecki 199716NoYesYesYesYes (BS)
Fatal events only
    Murakami 200617Yes (TSP)
    Sharovsky 200418NoNoYes
    Rossi 199919Yes (TSP)
Case-crossover studies
Fatal and non-fatal events
    Barnett 200620YesNoNoYesYesN/A†
    Zanobetti 200621YesNoNoYesYes (BC)N/A†
No (PM non-traffic)
    Peters 200522NoProtective effectNoNoYesNo (TNC)N/A†
    Ruidavets 200523NoNoNoN/A†
    Sullivan 200524NoNoNoN/A†
    Zanobetti 200525YesN/A†
    Peters 200426Yes (exposure to traffic)N/A†
    D’Ippoliti 200327YesNoNoYes (TSP)N/A†
    Peters 200128YesYesNoNoNoNoNo (coarse mass, BC)N/A†
  • *Adjustment for season not applicable since study used data from summer months only; †case-crossover design allows for season and trend by design.

  • BC, black carbon; BS, black smoke; PNC, particle number concentration; TNC, total number concentration; TSP, total suspended particulate.