New hyperenhancement | p Value for difference | ||
Absent (n = 103) | Present (n = 49) | ||
Demographic variables: | |||
Age (years) | 64 (9)* | 63 (13)* | 0.29 |
Male (%) | 73 | 74 | 0.93 |
Clinical characteristics: | |||
Hypertension (%) | 73 | 61 | 0.16 |
Diabetes (%) | 25 | 20 | 0.49 |
Hypercholesterolaemia (%) | 77 | 73 | 0.59 |
Current smoker (%) | 34 | 43 | 0.31 |
History of MI (%) | 25 | 39 | 0.09 |
Presentation with ACS (%) | 7 | 12 | 0.26 |
PCI cohort (%) | 65 | 51 | 0.10 |
Troponin before revascularisation (μg/l) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0)† | 0.0 (0.0–0.0)† | 0.75 |
Troponin after revascularisation (μg/l) | 0.2 (0.0–1.1)† | 1.9 (1.2–5.2)† | 0.03 |
PMI (%) | 29 | 89 | <0.001 |
Medication (%): | |||
Anti-platelets | 95 | 95 | 1.00 |
Statin | 95 | 100 | 0.14 |
ACE inhibitor | 82 | 84 | 0.72 |
β-blocker | 73 | 68 | 0.61 |
Calcium channel blocker | 27 | 32 | 0.61 |
Coronary angiogram (%): | |||
1-vessel disease | 40 | 25 | 0.18‡ |
2-vessel disease | 30 | 37 | |
3-vessel disease | 30 | 39 | |
Presence of TCO | 20 | 20 | 0.99 |
CMR before revascularisation: | |||
LVEF (%) | 65 (13)* | 61 (12)* | 0.10 |
LVEDVI (ml) | 78 (20)* | 83 (26)* | 0.21 |
LVESVI (ml) | 29 (18)* | 34 (24)* | 0.09 |
SVI (ml) | 50 (11)* | 48 (8)* | 0.46 |
LV mass index (g) | 64 (14)* | 64 (15)* | 0.79 |
LV mass absolute (g) | 127 (33)* | 123 (32)* | 0.42 |
Hyperenhancement (g) | 0 (0–9.6)† | 5.6 (0–15.7)† | 0.14 |
CMR after revascularisation: | |||
LVEF (%) | 66 (12)* | 61 (13)* | 0.02 |
Change in LVEF pre/post (%) | 1.2 (6.7)* | −0.5 (8.5)* | 0.21 |
LVEDVI (ml) | 77 (18)* | 85 (28)* | 0.05 |
LVESVI (ml) | 28 (16)* | 36 (26)* | 0.02 |
SVI (ml) | 50 (10)* | 50 (15)* | 0.75 |
LV mass index (g) | 63 (13)* | 67 (16)* | 0.14 |
LV mass absolute (g) | 126 (31)* | 128 (35)* | 0.72 |
Hyperenhancement (g) | 0.0 (0.0–9.4)† | 12.5 (6.0–20.8)† | <0.001 |
*Mean (SD).
†Median (interquartile range).
‡Test for trend across the three groups.
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDVI, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVESVI, left ventricular end-systolic volume index; LV, left ventricle; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PMI, procedure-related myocardial infarction as detected by troponin >3× or 5× the 99th centile of the upper range of limit for PCI and CABG, respectively according to the ESC/ACC/AHA/WHF guidelines; SVI, stroke volume index; TCO, total chronic coronary occlusion.