Baseline characteristics and immediate therapy in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index
| CCI=0 | CCI=1 | CCI=2 | CCI≥3 | p Values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n (%) | 15 754 | 6708 | 3334 | 3824 | |
| Male gender (%) | 11 896/15 754 (75.5) | 4815/6708 (71.8) | 2237/3334 (67.1) | 2638/13 824 (69.0) | <0.001 |
| Mean age (SD), years | 62.3 (12.9) | 67.9 (12.6) | 72.2 (11.9) | 74.9 (10.9) | <0.001 |
| History of CAD (%) | 3194/15 618 (20.5) | 3437/6633 (51.8) | 1843/3278 (56.2) | 2451/3753 (65.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 7357/14 969 (49.1) | 4515/6378 (70.8) | 2475/3181 (77.8) | 3009/3664 (82.1) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 7064/13 998 (50.5) | 3823/5929 (64.5) | 1923/2926 (65.7) | 2155/3283 (65.6) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (current) (%) | 6579/14 760 (44.6) | 2035/6106 (33.3) | 789/2956 (26.7) | 801/3316 (24.2) | <0.001 |
| Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) (%) | 2457/13 509 (18.2) | 1308/5622 (23.3) | 642/2766 (23.2) | 709/3127 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| Time between symptom onset and admission in min (IQR 25 to 75) | 215 (108, 610) | 225 (110, 620) | 233 (119, 669) | 265 (120, 730) | <0.001 |
| Resuscitation prior to admission (%) | 689/15 649 (4.5) | 265/6679 (3.8) | 117/3351 (3.5) | 118/3800 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| Typical symptoms (%) | 10 416/11 790 (88.3) | 4148/4870 (85.2) | 1997/2459 (81.2) | 2130/2851 (74.7) | <0.001 |
| Chest pain (%) | 13 356/15 406 (86.7) | 5421/6550 (82.8) | 2606/3217 (81.0) | 2757 (74.3) | <0.001 |
| Dyspnea (%) | 3279/14 349 (22.9) | 1925/6139 (31.4) | 1166/3047 (38.3) | 1733/3560 (48.7) | <0.001 |
| Killip class (n patients) | 15 671 | 6677 | 3318 | 3805 | <0.001 |
| Killip class I (%) | 13 808(88.1) | 5286 (79.2) | 2339 (70.5) | 2202 (57.9) | |
| Killip class II (%) | 1234 (7.9) | 954 (14.3) | 651(19.6) | 1058 (27.8) | |
| Killip class III (%) | 236 (1.5) | 233 (3.5) | 213 (6.4) | 388 (10.2) | |
| Killip class IV (%) | 393 (2.5) | 204 (3.1) | 115 (3.5) | 157 (4.1) | |
| ACS (n patients) | 15 754 | 6708 | 3334 | 3824 | <0.001 |
| STEMI (%) | 9480 (60.2) | 3453 (51.5) | 1538 (46.1) | 1690 (44.2) | |
| NSTEMI (%) | 5443 (34.5) | 2716 (40.5) | 1519 (45.6) | 1929 (47.8) | |
| UA (%) | 831 (5.3) | 539 (8.0) | 277 (8.3) | 305 (8.0) | |
| Peak creatine kinase IU/L (mean) median (IQR 25 to 75) | 1204 767 (247, 1938) | 883 479 (171, 1372) | 735 400 (154, 1135) | 631 360 (144, 946) | <0.001 |
| Multivessel diseases (%) | 5703/10 683 (53.4) | 2755/4065 (67.8) | 1248/1802 (69.3) | 1272/1663 (76.5) | <0.001 |
| Immediate therapy | |||||
| Aspirin (%) | 15 219/15 705 (96.9) | 6292/6681 (94.2) | 3083/3321 (92.8) | 3369/3805 (88.5) | <0.001 |
| P2Y12 blocker (%)* | 12 746/15 669 (81.3) | 5030/6662 (75.5) | 2216/3307 (67.0) | 2245/3791 (59.2) | <0.001 |
| GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors (%) | 5243/15 438 (34.0) | 1755/6581 (26.7) | 699/3265 (21.4) | 561/3745 (15.0) | <0.001 |
| Heparins† (%) | 13 979/15 639 (89.4) | 5734/6658 (86.1) | 2799/3303 (84.7) | 3054/3791 (80.6) | <0.001 |
| β blocker (%) | 10 395/15 571 (66.8) | 4416/6631 (66.6) | 2147/3304 (65.0) | 2296/3779 (60.8) | <0.001 |
| Statin (%) | 12 222/15 603 (78.3) | 4955/6645 (74.6) | 2333/3778 (64.6) | 2441/3778 (64.6) | <0.001 |
| ACEI/ARB (%) | 7841/15 564 (50.4) | 3583/6632 (54.0) | 1839/3303 (55.7) | 2022/3786 (53.4) | <0.001 |
| Any PCI (%) | 13 241/15 752 (84.1) | 5047/6708 (75.2) | 2145/3334 (64.3) | 1874/3824 (49.0) | <0.001 |
| Reperfusion in STEMI patients | 9480 | 3453 | 1538 | 1690 | |
| Thrombolysis (%) | 681 (7.2) | 199 (5.8) | 68 (4.4) | 48 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| Primary PCI (%) | 7496 (79.1) | 2434 (70.5) | 928 (60.3) | 794 (47.0) | <0.001 |
*P2Y12 blockers: clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor.
†heparins, unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin.
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; BMI, Body Mass Index; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.