Characteristics of stroke volume groups in LG severe aortic stenosis with preserved EF
| Group 1 (SVI <38 mL/m2) (n=90) | Group 2 (SVI 38–43 mL/m2) (n=105) | Group 3 (SVI 43–48 mL/m2) (n=104) | Group 4 (SVI ≥48 mL/m2) (n=106) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 78±13 | 80±12 | 81±10 | 81±11 | 0.095 |
| Female sex | 36 (40%) | 59 (56%)* | 54 (52%)* | 72 (68%)*†‡ | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.2±0.6 | 28.7±0.6 | 28.4±0.6 | 26.1±0.6*†‡ | <0.001 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.96±0.02 | 1.87±0.02* | 1.85±0.02* | 1.71±1.67*†‡ | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 35 (39%) | 40 (38%) | 33 (32%) | 19 (18%)*†‡ | 0.003 |
| Hypertension | 68 (76%) | 85 (81%) | 95 (91%) | 83 (78%) | 0.01 |
| Prior CAD | 37 (41%) | 42 (40%) | 45 (43%) | 42 (40%) | 0.95 |
| COPD | 25 (28%) | 27 (26%) | 25 (24%) | 19 (18%) | 0.37 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 40 (44%) | 31 (30%)* | 13 (13%)*† | 12 (11%)*† | <0.001 |
| Prior TIA/stroke | 11 (12%) | 8 (8%) | 12 (12%) | 5 (5%) | 0.18 |
| Prior HF | 18 (20%) | 21 (20%) | 15 (14%) | 12 (11%) | 0.24 |
| Prior CABG | 7 (8%) | 18 (17%) | 9 (9%) | 16 (15%) | 0.11 |
| Prior PCI | 13 (14%) | 10 (10%) | 17 (16%) | 13 (12%) | 0.49 |
| Creatine (mg/dL) | 1.24±0.68 | 1.24±1.13 | 1.15±0.49 | 1.19±0.56 | 0.80 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.8±2.0 | 12.9±1.9 | 13.0±1.6 | 12.4±1.7 | 0.13 |
| Symptoms | 61 (68%) | 72 (69%) | 46 (44%)*† | 50 (56%)*† | <0.001 |
| Dyspnoea | 47 (52%) | 63 (60%) | 45 (43%) | 44 (42%) | 0.045 |
| Angina | 18 (20%) | 21 (20%) | 10 (10%) | 8 (8%) | 0.011 |
| Syncope | 5 (6%) | 7 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4%) | 0.074 |
| Medications | |||||
| ACE inhibitor | 51 (57%) | 49 (47%)* | 42 (40%) | 36 (34%) | 0.011 |
| Diuretic | 77 (86%) | 77 (73%)* | 73 (70%) | 90 (85%) | 0.012 |
Pairwise comparisons were performed with a post hoc Bonferroni test (p<0.008). There was no difference in the prevalence of angiotensin receptor blocker (p=0.23), beta blocker (p=0.97), calcium channel blocker (p=0.99), nitrate (p=0.57) or digoxin (p=0.80) use between groups. Obesity refers to a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2.
Values are mean±SD or number (%).
*Significant difference (p<0.05) with group 1.
†Significant difference with group 2.
‡Significant difference with group 3.
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF, heart failure; LG, low-gradient; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SVI, stroke volume index; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.