Clinical and echocardiographical characteristics of women and men at baseline and at the last study visit
| Women (632) | Men (979) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Last visit | Baseline | Last visit | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.8±5.1‡ | 26.4±5.5 | 26.8±3.7§ | 26.7±4.0 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 146±20†‡ | 142±19* | 144±20§ | 138±18 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 82±10‡ | 78±10 | 82±10§ | 79±10 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 68±11* | 69±12* | 64±11§ | 66±13 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 6.0±1.0*‡ | 4.9±1.4* | 5.5±0.9§ | 4.4±1.3 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.7±0.9*‡ | 2.6±1.3* | 3.5±0.9§ | 2.4±1.2 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 84±13*‡ | 77±17* | 99±15§ | 93±21 |
| Serum glucose (mmol/L) | 5.20±0.72*‡ | 5.35±0.74*§ | 5.34±0.84 | 5.54±1.09 |
| Peak aortic jet velocity (m/s) | 3.07±0.53‡ | 3.74±0.78 | 3.10±0.55§ | 3.67±0.76 |
| Mean transvalvular gradient (mm Hg) | 23±9‡ | 35±15† | 23±9§ | 33±14 |
| Aortic valve area (cm2) | 1.12±0.37*‡ | 0.98±0.36* | 1.38±0.50§ | 1.24±0.48 |
| Aortic valve area index (cm2/m2) | 0.64±0.21*‡ | 0.57±0.21* | 0.69±0.25§ | 0.63±0.24 |
| ELI (cm2/m2) | 0.86±0.40†‡ | 0.66±0.29* | 0.92±0.47§ | 0.73±0.33 |
| EF (%) | 67±6‡ | 65±6* | 66±7§ | 64±7 |
| MWS (%) | 17.4±3.3*‡ | 14.1±2.9† | 16.9±3.3§ | 13.8±2.8 |
| LV mass index (g/m2.7) | 43±14*‡ | 51±15* | 47±15§ | 55±17 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.35±0.09‡ | 0.48±0.12 | 0.36±0.09§ | 0.47±0.12 |
| Mitral regurgitation (mild/moderate) | 54%† | 57%† | 45%§ | 50% |
| Aortic regurgitation (mild/moderate) | 56%†‡ | 64%† | 63%§ | 71% |
Data are mean±SD.
*p<0.001 and †p<0.05 between women and men at either baseline or last visit; ‡p<0.001 in women for comparison between values at baseline and at last visit; §p<0.01 in men for comparison between values at baseline and at last visit.
ELI, energy loss index; MWS, midwall shortening; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.