Baseline characteristics of study cohort stratified by risk
| Low risk (n=2824) | Moderate risk (n=2014) | High risk (n=1596) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | p Value |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years (mean±SD) | 50.1±8.2 | 61.7±8.4 | 71.8±9.8 | <0.001 |
| Sex (female) | 742 (26) | 684 (34) | 660 (41) | <0.001 |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| White/Caucasian | 2005 (71) | 1399 (69) | 1073 (67) | |
| Black/African-American | 602 (21) | 495 (25) | 444 (28) | |
| Asian | 20 (1) | 13 (1) | 7 (0) | |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 46 (2) | 23 (1) | 13 (1) | |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 5 (0) | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Multiracial | 57 (2) | 46 (2) | 27 (2) | |
| Other | 77 (3) | 29 (1) | 26 (2) | |
| Avoiding healthcare due to cost | 800 (29) | 430 (22) | 227 (15) | <0.001 |
| Insurance present | 1964 (71) | 1469 (75) | 1213 (77) | <0.001 |
| Less than high-school education | 1311 (47) | 1005 (51) | 89 (57) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean±SD) | 30±7 | 29±6 | 28±6 | <0.001 |
| Clinical covariates | ||||
| Current smoker | 1495 (53) | 650 (33) | 280 (18) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 1195 (42) | 1051 (52) | 902 (57) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1511 (54) | 1409 (70) | 1247 (78) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 56 (2) | 108 (5) | 180 (11) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 592 (21) | 629 (31) | 651 (41) | <0.001 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 275 (10) | 437 (22) | 632 (40) | <0.001 |
| Prior angina | 283 (10) | 328 (16) | 395 (25) | <0.001 |
| Prior CABG | 106 (4) | 242 (12) | 414 (26) | <0.001 |
| Prior PCI | 352 (13) | 439 (22) | 439 (28) | <0.001 |
| Prior CVA/TIA | 73 (27) | 159 (8) | 208 (13) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 63 (2) | 147 (7) | 296 (19) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease | 129 (5) | 170 (8) | 260 (16) | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 17 (1) | 107 (5) | 460 (29) | <0.001 |
| Prior ICD/pacemaker | 19 (1) | 25 (1) | 105 (7) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported depression | 575 (21) | 350 (18) | 267 (18) | 0.005 |
| In-hospital characteristics | ||||
| Presenting with STEMI | 1750 (62) | 788 (39) | 315 (20) | <0.001 |
| Admission SBP (mm Hg, mean±SD) | 145±29 | 141±30 | 138±32 | <0.001 |
| Final heart rate (bpm, mean±SD) | 72±12 | 73±13 | 74±12 | 0.004 |
| Diagnostic catheterisation | 2747 (97) | 1867 (93) | 1247 (78) | <0.001 |
| Revascularisation (PCI/CABG) | 2502 (88) | 1482 (74) | 771 (48) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory results | ||||
| Haemoglobin A1c (%, mean±SD) | 6.5±1.9 | 6.7±1.8 | 6.6±1.5 | 0.022 |
| LDL (mmol/L, mean±SD) | 3.0±1.1 | 2.6±1.0 | 2.4±1.0 | <0.001 |
| BNP (ng/L, mean±SD) | 363±778 | 792±1383 | 1168±1621 | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillation; LDL, low density lipoprotein; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.