Characteristics of the study patients
| All patients (n=207) | LGE-positive | LGE-negative | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBPR <40 mm Hg (n=65) | SBPR ≥40 mm Hg (n=40) | SBPR <40 mm Hg (n=33) | SBPR ≥40 mm Hg (n=69) | |||
| Age (years) | 50±16 | 54±16 | 52±13 | 51±16 | 45±16 | 0.004 |
| Male | 165 (80) | 50 (77) | 37 (93) | 24 (73) | 54 (78) | 0.096 |
| NYHA functional class | 0.009 | |||||
| I | 58 (28) | 15 (23) | 14 (35) | 3 (9) | 26 (38) | |
| II | 58 (28) | 23 (35) | 10 (25) | 13 (39) | 12 (17) | |
| III | 26 (13) | 10 (15) | 5 (13) | 7 (21) | 4 (6) | |
| VI | 65 (31) | 17 (26) | 11 (28) | 10 (30) | 27 (39) | |
| Hypertension | 76 (37) | 23 (35) | 16 (40) | 6 (18) | 31 (45) | 0.055 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 51 (25) | 13 (20) | 13 (33) | 9 (27) | 16 (23) | 0.178 |
| History of VT/Vf | 8 (4) | 6 (9) | 0 | 2 (6) | 0 | 0.006 |
| BNP (mg/dL) | 93 (38–213) | 170 (72–404) | 93 (40–176) | 131 (39–252) | 50 (13–108) | <0.001 |
| Creatine (mg/dL) | 0.85±0.23 | 0.85±0.23 | 0.81±0.20 | 0.91±0.19 | 0.85±0.25 | 0.377 |
| ECG parameters | ||||||
| QRS duration (ms) | 117±30 | 125±37 | 115±21 | 119±28 | 109±25 | 0.023 |
| QTc interval (ms) | 437±53 | 452±43 | 430±66 | 442±59 | 424±45 | 0.015 |
| Medications | ||||||
| β-blocker | 196 (95) | 65 (100) | 37 (93) | 31 (94) | 63 (91) | 0.032 |
| ACE-I/ARB | 173 (84) | 60 (92) | 31 (78) | 26 (79) | 56 (81) | 0.106 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 86 (42) | 37 (57) | 14 (35) | 14 (42) | 21 (30) | 0.014 |
| Loop diuretics | 120 (58) | 37 (57) | 14 (35) | 14 (42) | 21 (30) | 0.009 |
| Digoxin | 41 (20) | 15 (23) | 6 (15) | 10 (30) | 10 (14) | 0.220 |
| Amiodarone | 22 (11) | 14 (22) | 4 (10) | 2 (6) | 2 (3) | 0.004 |
| Exercise testing | ||||||
| HR at rest (beats/min) | 79±15 | 77±14 | 74±15 | 84±12 | 80±16 | 0.029 |
| SBP at rest (mm Hg) | 114±18 | 112±20 | 111±16 | 111±18 | 118±17 | 0.151 |
| Peak SBP (mm Hg) | 157±31 | 135±22 | 168±24 | 135±22 | 181±24 | <0.001 |
| Peak VO2 (mL/min/kg) | 22±6 | 19±5 | 23±5 | 20±5 | 25±7 | <0.001 |
| VE/VCO2 slope | 29±6 | 31±7 | 28±5 | 31±8 | 26±4 | <0.001 |
| CMR parameters | ||||||
| LVEF (%) | 27±11 | 24±10 | 25±11 | 23±10 | 32±10 | <0.001 |
| LVEDVI (mL/m2) | 143±57 | 161±64 | 152±54 | 153±66 | 117±34 | <0.001 |
| LVESVI (mL/m2) | 109±56 | 126±63 | 117±51 | 123±66 | 81±33 | <0.001 |
| LV mass (g) | 149±49 | 149±6 | 162±8 | 142±9 | 147±6 | 0.296 |
| RVEF (%) | 36±10 | 35±10 | 37±10 | 35±11 | 38±10 | 0.351 |
Values are means±SD, n (%), or median (first quartile, third quartile).
ACE-I, ACE inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; EDVI, end-diastolic volume index; ESVI, end-systolic volume index; HR, heart rate; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; NYHA, New York Heart Association; peak VO2, peak oxygen uptake; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SBPR, systolic blood pressure response; VE/VCO2 slope, regression slope relating minute ventilation to carbon dioxide output; Vf, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia.