Incidence of adverse maternal cardiovascular events for women with and without congenital heart disease*
| CHD + (SEM) | CHD − (SEM) | Univariate OR (95% CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI), Model A† | Multivariable OR (95% CI), Model B† | |
| Combined event‡ | 4042 (281) | 278 (4.5) | 15.1 (13.1 to 17.4) | 12.5 (10.8 to 14.4) | 8.4 (7.0 to 10.0) |
| Death‡ | 150 (54) | 8.2 (0.4) | 18.3 (8.9 to 37.4) | 12.1 (5.9 to 25.1) | 6.7 (2.9 to 15.4) |
| Arrhythmia‡ | 2637 (227) | 210 (3.7) | 12.9 (10.9 to 15.3) | 10.9 (9.2 to 12.9) | 8.3 (6.7 to 10.1) |
| Heart failure‡ | 965 (129) | 34.5 (1.1) | 28.2 (21.7 to 36.8) | 20.4 (15.5 to 26.8) | 7.0 (4.6 to 10.7) |
| Embolism‡ | 189 (54) | 23.2 (0.7) | 8.2 (4.7 to 14.3) | 6.0 (3.4 to 10.5) | 2.9 (1.5 to 5.6) |
| Cerebrovascular accident‡ | 318 (71) | 5.4 (0.3) | 59.0 (37.6 to 92.4) | 42.0 (26.6 to 66.3) | 41.6 (25.8 to 67.1) |
| Length of stay >3 days (%) | 23.7 (0.7) | 13.4 (0.2) | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.1) | 1.8 (1.7 to 2.0) | 1.7 (1.5 to 1.8) |
| Total charges >$15 000 (%) | 15.9 (0.8) | 8.6 (0.4) | 2.0 (1.8 to 2.2) | 1.8 (1.8 to 2.0) | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.8) |
↵*Data are for women having childbirth during the hospitalisation. The analysis used sampling weights to produce nationally representative estimates and accounted for the complex survey design.
↵† Multivariable model A included age in years, number of Elixhauser comorbidities, year of hospitalisation, hospital teaching status, primary insurance and method of delivery (caesarean section or vaginal delivery). Model B included all these covariates as well as a diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension.
↵‡ Rates are presented as events per 100 000 deliveries. The number of individual events does not add to the combined event because of multiple events per patient and unspecified cardiovascular complications during pregnancy (ICD-9 code 668.1).