Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis for 180-day mortality
| Univariable Cox regression model | Multivariable Cox regression model | Final Cox regression model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value |
| NT-proBNP <1500 pg/mL at discharge | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| NT-proBNP 1500–5000 pg/mL at discharge | 2.52 (1.38 to 4.58) | 0.002 | 2.01 (1.09 to 3.74) | 0.028 | 2.04 (1.11 to 3.76) | 0.022 |
| NT-proBNP 5001–15 000 pg/mL at discharge | 6.48 (3.66 to 11.46) | <0.001 | 4.08 (2.20 to 7.58) | <0.001 | 4.16 (2.29 to 7.57) | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP >15 000 pg/mL at discharge | 12.30 (6.80 to 22.26) | <0.001 | 5.77 (2.94 to 11.31) | <0.001 | 5.91 (3.11 to 11.22) | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP reduction ≤30% | 2.85 (2.12 to 3.83) | <0.001 | 1.70 (1.23 to 2.37) | 0.002 | 1.68 (1.21 to 2.30) | 0.002 |
| cTnT <0.03 μg/L at admission | Reference | Reference | ||||
| cTnT 0.03–0.05 μg/L at admission | 1.04 (0.60 to 1.87) | 0.89 | 1.01 (0.55 to 1.87) | 0.97 | ||
| cTnT >0.05 μg/L at admission | 1.54 (1.03 to 2.30) | 0.03 | 1.06 (0.70 to 1.59) | 0.78 | ||
| Male gender | 1.07 (0.80 to 1.43) | 0.66 | 1.35 (0.96 to 1.91) | 0.087 | ||
| Age ≥75 years at admission | 1.59 (1.19 to 2.11) | 0.002 | 1.27 (0.92 to 1.75) | 0.15 | 1.41 (1.05 to 1.90) | 0.022 |
| History of DM | 1.18 (0.86 to 1.61) | 0.31 | 1.26 (0.88 to 1.81) | 0.21 | ||
| History of COPD | 1.17 (0.78 to 1.75) | 0.44 | 1.27 (0.85 to 1.89) | 0.25 | ||
| History of hypertension | 1.05 (0.80 to 1.40) | 0.51 | 1.02 (0.63 to 1.21) | 0.42 | ||
| Ischaemic aetiology | 1.51 (1.13 to 2.02) | 0.009 | 1.20 (0.87 to 1.65) | 0.27 | ||
| Distended JVP at admission | 1.39 (0.97 to 1.99) | 0.08 | 1.03 (0.62 to 1.39) | 0.71 | ||
| Pulmonary rales at admission | 1.05 (0.72 to 1.54) | 0.80 | 1.04 (0.69 to 1.58) | 0.84 | ||
| Peripheral oedema at admission | 2.11 (1.45 to 3.07) | <0.001 | 1.78 (1.16 to 2.74) | 0.009 | 1.68 (1.15 to 2.45) | 0.008 |
| Atrial fibrillation at admission | 1.33 (0.99 to 1.78) | 0.06 | 1.19 (0.86 to 1.65) | 0.30 | ||
| LVEF <25% at admission | 1.49 (1.01 to 2.04) | 0.012 | 1.19 (0.84 to 1.68) | 0.33 | ||
| SBP ≤115 mm/Hg at admission | 2.22 (1.67 to 2.96) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.07 to 2.05) | 0.018 | 1.54 (1.14 to 2.09) | 0.005 |
| Tachycardia at admission* | 1.25 (0.90 to 1.72) | 0.18 | 1.01 (0.64 to 1.30) | 0.61 | ||
| Anaemia at admission† | 1.66 (1.22 to 2.26) | 0.001 | 1.19 (0.84 to 1.68) | 0.34 | ||
| Hyponatremia at admission‡ | 1.88 (1.36 to 2.62) | <0.001 | 1.39 (0.97 to 1.98) | 0.070 | 1.45 (1.04 to 2.04) | 0.031 |
| NYHA Class III/IV at discharge | 2.00 (1.44 to 2.79) | 0.002 | 1.40 (0.98 to 2.01) | 0.067 | 1.50 (1.06 to 2.11) | 0.021 |
| eGFR ≤30 mL/min/1.73 m² at discharge§ | 2.15 (1.54 to 3.00) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.66 to 1.50) | 0.98 | ||
| Urea nitrogen ≥15 mmol/L at discharge | 2.29 (1.69 to 3.11) | <0.001 | 1.58 (1.10 to 2.27) | 0.013 | 1.63 (1.19 to 2.23) | 0.003 |
| ACE-inhibitor received at discharge | 0.66 (0.49 to 0.90) | 0.007 | 0.81 (0.59 to 1.12) | 0.22 | ||
| β blocker received at discharge | 0.79 (0.60 to 1.07) | 0.12 | 0.94 (0.68 to 1.31) | 0.72 | ||
| Diuretics received at discharge | 0.63 (0.36 to 1.12) | 0.12 | 0.90 (0.62 to 1.73) | 0.30 | ||
*Tachycardia was defined as heart rate >100 beats per minute.
†Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin <129 g/L (8 mmol/L) in men,<121 g/L (7.5 mmol/L) in women.
‡Hyponatremia was defined as sodium <135 mmol/L.
§Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate was calculated as 186.3×(creatinine mg/dL)−1.154×(age)−0.203×(0.742 if female)×(1.210 if black).
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; cTnT, cardiac troponin T; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; JVP, jugular venous pressure; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure.