HR (95% CI) for atrial fibrillation according to indexed left atrial (LA) size, mitral Doppler groups and mitral Doppler flow
| All | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indexed LA size | |||||
| 1 (<2.2) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) |
| 2 (2.2–2.79) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 1.6 (1.2 to 2.0) | 1.6 (1.3 to 2.0) | 1.6 (1.2 to 2.0) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.8) |
| 3 (≥2.8) | 3.1 (2.1 to 4.4) | 4.2 (2.7 to 6.5) | 4.2 (2.7 to 6.5) | 4.1 (2.6 to 6.4) | 4.0 (2.5 to 6.4) |
| (p for trend <0.0001) | (p for trend <0.0001) | (p for trend <0.0001) | (p for trend <0.0001) | (p for trend <0.0001) | |
| Mitral Doppler groups | |||||
| Group I | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | – | 1 (Ref.) |
| Group II | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.7) | 1.8 (1.1 to 3.0) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.6) | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.9) | |
| Group III | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.4) | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.4) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.5) | |
| Group IV | 1.7 (1.0 to 3.0) | 1.5 (0.8 to 3.1) | 1.5 (0.7 to 2.9) | 1.2 (0.5 to 3.0) | |
| (p Value for trend 0.103) | (p Value for trend 0.141) | (p Value for trend 0.051) | (p Value for trend 0.240) | ||
| Abnormal mitral Doppler flow | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) | – | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.6) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) |
| (Group II–IV) | (p Value 0.081) | (p Value 0.086) | (p Value 0.034) | (p Value 0.159) | |
The Tromsø Study, 1994–2010.
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.
Model 2: as Model 1+height, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, palpitation.
Model 3: as Model 2+abnormal mitral Doppler flow (only in indexed LA size), LA size (only in mitral Doppler groups and flow).
Model 4: as Model 2+mitral Doppler groups (only in indexed LA size) or LA size (only in mitral Doppler groups and flow).
Model 5: as Model 2, participants with coronary heart disease, valvular heart disease, heart failure or hypertrophy at baseline excluded.
Mitral Doppler groups: Group I E/A ratio 0.75–1.5 and E-wave deceleration time (EDT >140 ms; group II E/A ratio >1.5 and EDT >140 ms; group III E/A ratio <0.75 and any EDT; group IV E/A ratio >0.75 and EDT <140 ms.
Ref; reference.