Baseline clinical characteristics for all ITT patients with known location of valve disease grouped by the three patient subgroups
| Variable | AS* (n=214) | MR or AR* (n=1726) | No SVD* (n=12 179) | p Value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 78 (73, 82) | 74 (67, 79) | 72 (65, 78) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 37% (79) | 40% (682) | 40% (4820) | 0.73 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.0082 | |||
| Persistent | 79% (170) | 83% (1435) | 81% (9832) | |
| Paroxysmal | 17% (37) | 16% (277) | 18% (2173) | |
| New onset | 3% (7) | 1% (14) | 1% (174) | |
| CHADS2 score (mean (SD)) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.5 (1.0) | 3.5 (0.9) | 0.053 |
| CHADS2 score | ||||
| 2 | 8% (18) | 14% (247) | 13% (1585) | |
| 3 | 42% (89) | 43% (743) | 44% (5311) | |
| 4 | 33% (70) | 27% (467) | 29% (3521) | |
| 5 | 14% (30) | 13% (230) | 13% (1532) | |
| 6 | 3% (7) | 2% (39) | 2% (230) | |
| HAS-BLED score (mean (SD)) | 3.0 (0.9) | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.8 (0.9) | 0.0005 |
| Presenting characteristics | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29 (26, 32) | 28 (25, 31) | 28 (25, 32) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 130 (120, 142) | 130 (120, 140) | 130 (120, 140) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 78 (70, 85) | 80 (70, 85) | 80 (70, 86) | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine clearance,‡ ml/min | 61 (44, 78) | 63 (49, 80) | 68 (53, 88) | <0.0001 |
| Baseline comorbidities | ||||
| Prior stroke, TIA or non-CNS embolism | 46% (99) | 48% (829) | 56% (6806) | <0.0001 |
| PAD | 15% (32) | 7% (124) | 6% (672) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 92% (197) | 89% (1542) | 91% (11 049) | 0.14 |
| Diabetes | 43% (92) | 40% (690) | 40% (4849) | 0.64 |
| Prior MI | 30% (64) | 23% (404) | 16% (1964) | <0.0001 |
| Congestive HF | 65% (139) | 71% (1228) | 61% (7449) | <0.0001 |
| COPD | 19% (40) | 14% (243) | 10% (1194) | <0.0001 |
| Medications | ||||
| Prior vitamin K antagonist use | 74% (158) | 72% (1251) | 61% (7409) | <0.0001 |
| Prior chronic ASA use | 37% (80) | 34% (589) | 37% (4494) | 0.079 |
| ACE-inhibitor/ARB at baseline | 78% (167) | 76% (1306) | 74% (9029) | 0.18 |
| β blocker at baseline | 65% (140) | 71% (1225) | 64% (7789) | <0.0001 |
| Digitalis at baseline | 41% (88) | 44% (754) | 38% (4589) | <0.0001 |
| Diuretic at baseline | 75% (160) | 70% (1212) | 58% (7031) | <0.0001 |
| Randomised to rivaroxaban | 49% (105) | 48% (834) | 50% (6119) | 0.32 |
All other abbreviations can be found in table 1.
*Continuous variables are shown as median (25th, 75th percentile) except where noted, and categorical variables as % (n).
†p Values are for any differences across groups.
‡Cockroft-Gault.
A, Age ≥75 years; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AS, aortic stenosis; ASA, acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin; HAS-BLED, hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly (> 65 years), drugs/alcohol concomitantly; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CHADS2, C, congestive heart failure; CNS, central nervous system; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; D, diabetes mellitus; H, hypertension; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; MR or AR, mitral or aortic regurgitation; PAD, peripheral artery disease; S2, prior Stroke or TIA or thromboembolism; SD, standard deviation; SVD, significant valve disease; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; R, rivaroxaban; W, warfarin.