The demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline of men with type 2 diabetes in the study population
| Not prescribed a PDE5i | Prescribed a PDE5i | |
|---|---|---|
| N (%) or mean (95% CI) | 4597 (77.2) | 1359 (22.8) |
| Median number of prescriptions† | 16 (2–173) | |
| Age (years) | 72.8 (72.5–73.1) | 71.2 (70.6–71.7)** |
| HbA1c, % | 7.3 (7.2–7.3) | 7.4 (7.3–7.5)* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.3 (30.1–30.6) | 30.6 (30.1–31.0) |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.21 (2.18–2.23) | 2.21 (2.16–2.25) |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.16 (1.14–1.17) | 1.16 (1.14–1.18) |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.08 (4.05–4.11) | 4.10 (4.05–4.16) |
| Albumin g/L | 41.6 (41.5–41.7) | 41.5 (41.3–41.6) |
| Creatinine μmol/L | 104 (102–105) | 100 (98–102)* |
| eGFR (MDRD) | 68 (67–69) | 70 (69–71)** |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 138 (137–138) | 138 (137–139) |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 77 (76–77) | 77 (76–77) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never smoked | 1326 (30.0) | 408 (30.8) |
| Ex-smoker | 1987 (44.9) | 614 (46.3) |
| Current smoker | 1113 (25.1) | 304 (22.9) |
| Any statin use | 2997 (65.2) | 1092 (80.4)** |
| Clopidogrel use | 237 (5.2) | 55 (4.1) |
| Aspirin use | 1894 (41.2) | 714 (52.4)** |
| Metformin use | 2126 (46.3) | 874 (64.3)** |
| β-blocker use | 1303 (28.3) | 338 (24.9)* |
| History of prior MI | 840 (18.3) | 191 (14.1)** |
| History of atrial fibrillation | 680 (15.0) | 165 (12.4)* |
| Hypertension | 3062 (66.6) | 963 (70.9)** |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 518 (11.3) | 145 (10.7) |
| Stroke | 367 (7.8) | 65 (5.0)** |
| TIA | 325 (7.1) | 78 (5.7) |
| Congestive cardiac failure | 511 (11.1) | 108 (8.0)** |
Data are most recent measure within 1 year of study entry.
**p<0.001; *p<0.05.
†Median and IQR.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MI, myocardial infarction; PDE5i, phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.