Baseline characteristics of patients on NOACs by cohort
| Variable | Cohort 1 2010–2011 | Cohort 2 2011–2013 | Cohort 3 2013–2014 | Cohort 4 2014–2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 224 | 1611 | 3000 | 4065 |
| Female, n (%) | 102 (45.5) | 703 (43.6) | 1351 (45.0) | 1767 (43.5) |
| Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) | 70.9 (12.5) | 70.5 (11.1) | 70.8 (10.7) | 70.9 (10.7) |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| CAD | 62 (27.7) | 254 (15.8) | 518 (17.3) | 731 (18.0) |
| Vascular disease | 59 (26.3) | 187 (11.6) | 381 (12.7) | 587 (14.4) |
| Systemic embolism | 2 (0.9) | 15 (0.9) | 12 (0.4) | 29 (0.7) |
| Stroke | 19 (8.5) | 163 (10.1) | 190 (6.3) | 314 (7.7) |
| Bleeding | 13 (5.8) | 32 (2.0) | 56 (1.9) | 86 (2.1) |
| Hypertension | 175 (78.1) | 1316 (81.7) | 2464 (82.1) | 3279 (80.7) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 61 (27.2) | 321 (19.9) | 614 (20.5) | 850 (20.9) |
| Moderate-to-severe CKD* | 40 (17.9) | 158 (9.8) | 307 (10.2) | 380 (9.3) |
| Risk scores | ||||
| CHA2DS2-VASc, median (Q1–Q3) | 4.0 (2.0–5.0)a | 3.0 (2.0–4.0)b | 3.0 (2.0–4.0)c | 3.0 (2.0–4.0)d |
| CHA2DS2-VASc, 0–1, n (%) | 29 (13.0) | 209 (13.2) | 407 (13.8) | 571 (14.2) |
| HAS-BLED, median (Q1–Q3)† | 2.0 (1.0–2.0)e | 1.0 (1.0–2.0)f | 1.0 (1.0–2.0)g | 1.0 (1.0–2.0)h |
| HAS-BLED, 0–2, n (%)† | 130 (78.8) | 956 (89.8) | 2132 (92.2) | 2964 (92.6) |
a1 patient missing; b32 patients missing; c41 patients missing; d57 patients missing; e59 patients missing; f547 patients missing; g687 patients missing; h864 patients missing.
CAD, coronary artery disease; CHA2DS2-VASc, cardiac failure, hypertension, age ≥75 (doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled)-vascular disease, age 65–74 and sex category (female); CKD, chronic kidney disease; NKF KDOQI, National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant.
*Includes NKF KDOQI stages III–V.
†‘modified’ HAS-BLED, hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function (1 point each), stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, elderly (>65), drugs/alcohol concomitantly (1 point each).