Use of NOACs in relation to baseline characteristics for patients on AC at baseline (n=20 167)
| Variable | OR‡ (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Female | 1 |
| Male | 1.08 (1.01 to 1.15) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Caucasian/Hispanic/Latino | 1 |
| Asian | 1.28 (1.19 to 1.37) |
| Other | 1.08 (0.87 to 1.35) |
| Age, years | |
| 65 | 1 |
| 65–80 | 1.10 (1.02 to 1.18) |
| 80–85 | 1.19 (1.08 to 1.32) |
| >85 | 1.32 (1.16 to 1.50) |
| Medical history* | |
| CHF | 0.94 (0.87 to 1.01) |
| Hypertension (history or >140/90 mm Hg) | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.97) |
| Diabetes | 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) |
| CAD | 0.85 (0.77 to 0.94) |
| Vascular disease | 0.87 (0.79 to 0.97) |
| Dementia | 1.46 (1.13 to 1.88) |
| Moderate-to-severe CKD† | 0.84 (0.76 to 0.92) |
| NSAID usage | 1.27 (1.06 to 1.53) |
| Bleeding | 1.19 (0.96 to 1.48) |
| Smoking | |
| Never | 1 |
| Ex-smoker | 1.05 (0.98 to 1.13) |
| Current smoker | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.29) |
| Previous stroke/TIA/SE (reference: no previous stroke/TIA/SE) | |
| In cohort 2 (2011–2013) | 1.08 (0.91 to 1.28) |
| In cohort 3 (2013–2014) | 0.76 (0.65 to 0.89) |
| In cohort 4 (2014–2015) | 0.95 (0.82 to 1.10) |
| Patients without stroke/TIA/SE | |
| Cohort 2 (2011–2013) | 1 |
| Cohort 3 (2013–2014) | 2.33 (2.14 to 2.53) |
| Cohort 4 (2014–2015) | 3.82 (3.52 to 4.15) |
| Patients with previous stroke/TIA/SE | |
| Cohort 2 (2011–2013) | 1 |
| Cohort 3 (2013–2014) | 1.64 (1.32 to 2.03) |
| Cohort 4 (2014–2015) | 3.37 (2.74 to 4.15) |
*Reference group is patients with no medical history.
†Includes NKF KDOQI stages III to V; none or mild (reference group) includes all other patients.
‡An OR >1 implies that NOACs are more frequent than VKAs, while an OR <1 means that VKAs are more frequent than NOACs. Only the interaction between cohort and stroke/TIA/SE was statistically significant (p=0.01).
AC, anticoagulant; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; NKF KDOQI, National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SE, systemic embolism; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.