Patient characteristics at baseline by HbA1c categories
| HbA1c at baseline | All | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <6% | 6%–7% | 7%–8% | 8%–9% | 9%–10% | ≥10% | ||
| n (%) | 6610 (7.0) | 26 851 (28) | 20 253 (21) | 11 071 (12) | 7982 (8.5) | 21 565 (23) | 94 332 |
| HF events | 432 (6.5) | 1652 (6.2) | 1389 (6.9) | 780 (7.0) | 498 (6.2) | 1317 (6.1) | 6068 (6.4) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (0.3) | 6.5 (0.3) | 7.4 (0.3) | 8.4 (0.3) | 9.4 (0.3) | 11.7 (1.2) | 8.3 (2.2) |
| Men, n (%) | 3582 (54) | 13 982 (52) | 10 859 (54) | 6223 (56) | 4745 (59) | 13 131 (61) | 52 522 (56) |
| Age (years) | 64.5 (12.5) | 64.5 (12.1) | 63.0 (12.6) | 60.7 (13.1) | 58.9 (13.1) | 58.6 (12.8) | 61.9 (12.8) |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 141 (19) | 140 (18) | 141 (18) | 141 (19) | 142 (19) | 140 (19) | 141 (19) |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 80 (11) | 80 (10) | 81 (10) | 82 (11) | 83 (11) | 83 (11) | 82 (11) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.0 (6.1) | 31.6 (6.3) | 32.3 (6.6) | 32.3 (6.8) | 32.2 (6.7) | 31.0 (6.5) | 31.7 (6.5) |
| HDL* (mmol/L) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) |
| LDL† (mmol/L) | 2.9 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.0) | 3.0 (1.0) | 3.1 (1.1) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.0 (1.1) |
| TG‡ (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.3) | 2.0 (1.3) | 2.2(1.3) | 2.4 (1.8) | 2.6 (2.0) | 2.9 (2.3) | 2.3 (1.7) |
| Follow-up (years), median (IQR) | 6.0 (3.7, 9.1) | 5.4 (3.5, 8.2) | 5.6 (3.5, 8.5) | 6.0 (3.6, 9.2) | 6.2 (3.7, 9.6) | 6.1 (3.7, 9.3) | 5.8 (3.6, 8.8) |
| Smoking | |||||||
| Yes | 3481 (53) | 14 727 (55) | 11 027 (54) | 6077 (55) | 4290 (54) | 11 565 (54) | 51 167 (54) |
| No | 2681 (41) | 10 810 (40) | 8111 (40) | 4242 (38) | 3074 (38) | 8455 (39) | 37 373 (40) |
| Unknown | 448 (6.8) | 1314 (4.9) | 1115 (5.5) | 752 (6.8) | 618 (7.7) | 1545 (7.2) | 5792 (6.1) |
| Prior MI | 141 (2.1) | 565 (2.1) | 470 (2.3) | 236 (2.1) | 135 (1.7) | 247 (1.1) | 1794 (1.9) |
| Prior stroke | 140 (2.1) | 488 (1.8) | 372 (1.8) | 150 (1.4) | 110 (1.4) | 250 (1.2) | 1510 (1.6) |
| β-Blockers | 2384 (36) | 8792 (33) | 5787(29) | 2774 (25) | 1757 (22) | 4191 (19) | 25 685 (27) |
| ACEi | 2828 (43) | 11 789 (44) | 8835 (44) | 4575 (41) | 3068 (38) | 7737 (36) | 38 832 (41) |
| ARBs | 944 (14) | 4118 (15) | 2809 (14) | 1288 (12) | 691 (8.7) | 1786 (8.3) | 11 636 (12) |
| ASA | 2632 (40) | 10 716 (40) | 7990 (40) | 3903 (35) | 2632 (33) | 6670 (31) | 34 543 (37) |
| Statins | 4073 (62) | 18 634 (69) | 13 531 (67) | 6760 (61) | 4682 (59) | 12 730 (59) | 60 410 (64) |
| Diabetes treatment | |||||||
| Diet | 5600 (84.7) | 20 185 (75.2) | 10 063 (49.7) | 3438 (31.1) | 1887 (23.6) | 3792 (17.6) | 44 965 (47.7) |
| Metformin | 877 (13.3) | 6141 (22.9) | 9195 (45.4) | 6564 (59.3) | 5109 (64.0) | 14 084 (65.3) | 41 970 (44.5) |
| 1 OAD | 29 (0.4) | 80 (0.3) | 126 (0.6) | 92 (0.8) | 75 (0.9) | 221 (1.0) | 623 (0.7) |
| ≥2 OAD | 27 (0.4) | 193 (0.7) | 483 (2.4) | 561 (5.1) | 530 (6.6) | 2118 (9.8) | 3912 (4.1) |
| Insulin | 77 (1.2) | 252 (0.9) | 386 (1.9) | 416 (3.8) | 381 (4.8) | 1350 (6.3) | 2862 (3.0) |
Numbers are mean (standard deviation) or n (%) if not else specified.
*18 212 (19%) of the subjects are missing high-density lipoprotein information.
†31 136 (33%) of the subjects are missing low-density lipoprotein information.
‡15 302 (16%) of the subjects are missing triglyceride (TG) information.
ACEi, ACE inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockade; ASA, acetylsalicylic acid; DBP, distolic blood pressure; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1C; HF, heart failure; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial infarction; OAD, oral antidiabetic drug; SBP, systolic blood pressure.