Patient characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, stratified by sex and region
| Total No. | Overall | Europe | Asia | Middle East | ||||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| 7154 | 2958 | 4851 | 1799 | 1136 | 746 | 1167 | 413 | |
| Age (years) | 64.2 (11.2) | 67.5 (10.9) | 64.4 (10.8) | 68.3 (10.8) | 66.3 (11.7) | 67.7 (10.1) | 61.6 (11.9) | 63.5 (12.2) |
| Disease category | ||||||||
| CABG | 22.3 | 12.8 | 24.0 | 14.8 | 7.7 | 3.8 | 29.2 | 20.3 |
| PCI | 49.8 | 40.1 | 49.4 | 41.9 | 41.6 | 24.7 | 59.3 | 59.8 |
| SAP | 26.9 | 40.2 | 24.5 | 32.2 | 51.5 | 69.8 | 13.5 | 21.3 |
| ACS | 36.9 | 32.7 | 43.6 | 43.9 | 14.4 | 10.1 | 31.2 | 24.7 |
| Family history of CHD | 31.1 | 33.3 | 42.7 | 43.3 | 24.6 | 32.5 | 4.4 | 4.0 |
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 18.7 | 9.5 | 18.8 | 14.4 | 24.7 | 2.7 | 13.7 | 1.2 |
| Ex-smoker | 47.5 | 17.6 | 52.8 | 26.6 | 42.0 | 5.2 | 34.1 | 2.0 |
| Never smoker | 32.8 | 72.1 | 28.5 | 59.0 | 33.3 | 92.1 | 52.2 | 9.7 |
| Physical activity | ||||||||
| Adequate | 83.4 | 88.9 | 82.3 | 89.8 | 84.4 | 85.7 | 87.0 | 91.0 |
| Inadequate | 16.6 | 11.1 | 17.7 | 10.2 | 15.6 | 14.3 | 13.0 | 9.0 |
| Known history | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 71.9 | 80.8 | 69.4 | 77.8 | 73.7 | 82.5 | 81.2 | 91.2 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 67.8 | 67.1 | 68.6 | 68.8 | 43.9 | 52.1 | 89.0 | 88.8 |
| Diabetes | 31.9 | 40.3 | 24.2 | 27.2 | 34.8 | 48.1 | 71.6 | 86.7 |
| Type 1 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 13.4 | 20.5 |
| Type 2 | 30.5 | 38.5 | 23.0 | 25.3 | 34.6 | 47.7 | 69.2 | 84.5 |
| Physical and laboratory measurements | ||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0 (4.5) | 28.2 (5.8) | 28.0 (4.3) | 28.5 (5.6) | 25.1 (3.3) | 25.4 (3.5) | 29.4 (5.4) | 32.8 (6.8) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 98.6 (14.4) | 92.8 (14.9) | 101.4 (14.2) | 95.9 (15.4) | 88.2 (9.0) | 84.3 (9.5) | 100.2 (14.7) | 100.3 (15.0) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130.5 (18.2) | 133.7 (19.3) | 131.5 (18.9) | 134.8 (20.4) | 130.0 (16.2) | 131.8 (16.6) | 127.0 (16.7) | 132.4 (18.1) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76.2 (10.9) | 76.0 (11.2) | 77.0 (10.6) | 77.0 (11.4) | 77.2 (11.4) | 76.7 (10.1) | 71.8 (10.4) | 70.5 (10.4) |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.2 (1.5) | 4.6 (1.5) | 4.3 (1.7) | 4.6 (1.8) | 4.2 (1.0) | 4.6 (1.0) | 3.8 (1.0) | 4.1 (0.9) |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.7 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.7 (1.3) | 2.6 (0.9) | 2.8 (0.9) | 2.1 (0.8) | 2.3 (0.7) |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 6.4 (2.5) | 6.7 (2.8) | 6.2 (2.2) | 6.4 (2.6) | 6.2 (1.9) | 6.5 (2.2) | 7.6 (3.6) | 8.8 (4.0) |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.3 (1.6) | 7.4 (1.6) | 7.2 (1.5) | 7.5 (1.4) | 6.8 (1.4) | 6.8 (1.3) | 7.8 (1.7) | 8.3 (2.0) |
| Medications | ||||||||
| Antiplatelet | 91.7 | 86.3 | 92.2 | 89.5 | 86.1 | 76.5 | 95.1 | 89.8 |
| Antihypertensive | 92.2 | 92.1 | 93.0 | 93.8 | 85.4 | 86.3 | 95.5 | 95.2 |
| β-blocker | 73.0 | 68.4 | 77.6 | 77.3 | 38.5 | 38.2 | 87.1 | 83.8 |
| CCB | 25.5 | 31.5 | 20.0 | 23.4 | 49.2 | 53.6 | 24.9 | 26.6 |
| ARB | 16.5 | 22.2 | 12.8 | 16.6 | 31.4 | 35.1 | 17.5 | 23.5 |
| ACE | 53.0 | 45.5 | 58.4 | 56.4 | 22.3 | 17.8 | 60.7 | 48.4 |
| Statin | 83.5 | 75.7 | 88.4 | 83.2 | 51.5 | 50.3 | 94.2 | 90.6 |
| Nitrate | 30.5 | 37.0 | 24.6 | 32.2 | 60.7 | 52.0 | 25.2 | 30.3 |
| Insulin | 8.7 | 12.4 | 6.0 | 8.2 | 5.7 | 8.0 | 22.8 | 38.3 |
| Oral hypoglycaemic agent | 21.2 | 25.4 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 24.7 | 33.1 | 45.8 | 53.3 |
Summary statistics are only performed for complete cases and missing values have been excluded. Results are shown as mean (SD) for continuous variables and percentage (number of observations/total number of non-missing data) for categorical variables.
Comparisons with p<0.1% are in italics.
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CHD, coronary heart disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SAP, stable angina pectoris; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol.