Characteristics of 33 170 persons with T1D and 1 64 698 population-based controls free of prior AMI by categories of HbA1c at first inclusion in the NDR, 1998–2011 (all patients with a prior primary diagnosis of AMI excluded) (ICD9: 410, ICD10: I21)
| HbA1c categories at baseline (NGSP %/IFCC mmol/mol) | ||||||||
| Controls n=1 64 698 | All type I diabetes n=33 170 | ≤6.9% (≤52 mmol/mol) n=6064 | 7.0%–7.8% (53–62 mmol/mol) n=7578 | 7.9%–8.7% (63–72 mmol/mol) n=8730 | 8.8%–9.6% (73–82 mmol/mol) n=5302 | ≥9.7% (≥83 mmol/mol) n=3905 | Missing value n=1591 | |
| Women | 74 653 (45.3%) | 14 992 (45.2%) | 2678 (44.2%) | 3403 (44.9%) | 3901 (44.7%) | 2383 (44.9%) | 1898 (48.6%) | 729 (45.8%) |
| Age (years) | 35.1 (14.2) n=1 64 698 | 35.3 (14.3) n=33 170 | 33.6 (13.9) n=6064 | 36.7 (14.7) n=7578 | 37.0 (14.6) n=8730 | 35.5 (13.9) n=5302 | 32.3 (13.1) n=3905 | 32.1 (14.1) n=1591 |
| Age category | ||||||||
| 18–34 years | 91 921 (55.8%) | 18 406 (55.5%) | 3959 (65.3%) | 3888 (51.3%) | 4263 (48.8%) | 2788 (52.6%) | 2448 (62.7%) | 1060 (66.6%) |
| 35–49 years | 42 575 (25.9%) | 8543 (25.8%) | 1122 (18.5%) | 2013 (26.6%) | 2545 (29.2%) | 1564 (29.5%) | 985 (25.2%) | 314 (19.7%) |
| 50–64 years | 24 403 (14.8%) | 4977 (15.0%) | 753 (12.4%) | 1344 (17.7%) | 1557 (17.8%) | 778 (14.7%) | 383 (9.8%) | 162 (10.2%) |
| 65+ years | 5799 (3.5%) | 1244 (3.8%) | 230 (3.8%) | 333 (4.4%) | 365 (4.2%) | 172 (3.2%) | 89 (2.3%) | 55 (3.5%) |
| Born in Sweden | 1 42 426 (86.5%) | 31 130 (93.9%) | 5656 (93.3%) | 7158 (94.5%) | 8249 (94.5%) | 4979 (93.9%) | 3642 (93.3%) | 1446 (90.9%) |
| Education category | ||||||||
| Low | 29 650 (18.2%) | 6222 (18.9%) | 827 (13.7%) | 1305 (17.4%) | 1617 (18.6%) | 1125 (21.4%) | 1002 (25.9%) | 346 (22.0%) |
| Mid | 78 513 (48.3%) | 16 557 (50.3%) | 2701 (44.9%) | 3606 (48.0%) | 4453 (51.4%) | 2869 (54.5%) | 2153 (55.6%) | 775 (49.2%) |
| High | 54 547 (33.5%) | 10 123 (30.8%) | 2490 (41.4%) | 2595 (34.6%) | 2601 (30.0%) | 1266 (24.1%) | 718 (18.5%) | 453 (28.8%) |
| Variables in the NDR only | ||||||||
| HbA1c (mmol/mol, IFCC) | 65.7 (15.8) n=31 579 | 45.6 (5.6) n=6064 | 57.3 (2.6) n=7578 | 67.2 (2.8) n=8730 | 76.9 (2.8) n=5302 | 94.9 (11.3) n=3905 | ||
| Diabetes duration (years) | 20.0 (14.5) n=33 170 | 15.9 (15.5) n=6064 | 21.5 (14.8) n=7578 | 22.3 (14.1) n=8730 | 21.0 (13.3) n=5302 | 17.9 (12.6) n=3905 | 16.3 (14.4) n=1591 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.0 (4.0) n=28 944 | 24.6 (4.0) n=5381 | 24.9 (3.8) n=6877 | 25.3 (3.8) n=7881 | 25.4 (4.1) n=4758 | 25.0 (4.6) n=3405 | 24.6 (5.0) n=642 | |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 2.66 (0.83) n=11 169 | 2.53 (0.76) n=2327 | 2.60 (0.79) n=2703 | 2.69 (0.83) n=2949 | 2.74 (0.86) n=1743 | 2.87 (0.95) n=1302 | 2.59 (0.81) n=145 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 126.7 (16.9) n=30 832 | 124.3 (15.8) n=5741 | 126.6 (16.5) n=7253 | 128.2 (17.0) n=8358 | 127.6 (17.0) n=5077 | 126.9 (18.1) n=3654 | 123.5 (16.4) n=749 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 73.6 (9.1) n=30 832 | 72.2 (8.9) n=5741 | 73.1 (8.9) n=7253 | 73.9 (9.0) n=8358 | 74.4 (9.3) n=5077 | 75.2 (9.5) n=3654 | 72.9 (9.3) n=749 | |
| Smoker | ||||||||
| No | 26 568 (86.4%) | 5188 (91.1%) | 6392 (89.4%) | 7121 (86.6%) | 4117 (83.2%) | 2724 (76.5%) | 1026 (87.0%) | |
| Yes | 4189 (13.6%) | 507 (8.9%) | 758 (10.6%) | 1099 (13.4%) | 834 (16.8%) | 838 (23.5%) | 153 (13.0%) | |
| Registrations in the IPR prior to baseline | ||||||||
| Atrial fibrillation (I48) | 740 (0.4%) | 195 (0.6%) | 33 (0.5%) | 42 (0.6%) | 63 (0.7%) | 25 (0.5%) | 23 (0.6%) | 9 (0.6%) |
| Coronary heart disease (I20-I25) | 779 (0.5%) | 714 (2.2%) | 95 (1.6%) | 168 (2.2%) | 212 (2.4%) | 122 (2.3%) | 85 (2.2%) | 32 (2.0%) |
| Heart failure (I50) | 312 (0.2%) | 308 (0.9%) | 46 (0.8%) | 50 (0.7%) | 98 (1.1%) | 47 (0.9%) | 46 (1.2%) | 21 (1.3%) |
| Valve disease (I05-I09, I34-I36) | 284 (0.2%) | 103 (0.3%) | 24 (0.4%) | 23 (0.3%) | 27 (0.3%) | 11 (0.2%) | 11 (0.3%) | 7 (0.4%) |
| Stroke (I61-I64) | 593 (0.4%) | 435 (1.3%) | 61 (1.0%) | 98 (1.3%) | 125 (1.4%) | 71 (1.3%) | 59 (1.5%) | 21 (1.3%) |
| Cancer (C00-C97) | 2251 (1.4%) | 551 (1.7%) | 96 (1.6%) | 141 (1.9%) | 156 (1.8%) | 78 (1.5%) | 48 (1.2%) | 32 (2.0%) |
For categorical variables, n (%) is presented. For continuous variables, mean (SD) is presented.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; NGSP, National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program; IFCC, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry; IPR, In-Patient Register; NDR, National Diabetes Register.