19 mm | 21 mm | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | B | Total | M | B | Total | ||
LVEDD (cm) (*** ‡) | |||||||
Rest (†††) | 4.96 (0.26) | 4.71 (0.32) | 4.79 (0.32) | 5.12 (0.36) | 4.93 (0.35) | 5.01 (0.36) | |
Exercise († ‡‡) | 5.61 (0.24) | 5.26 (0.41) | 5.35 (0.40) | 5.76 (0.30) | 5.30 (0.29) | 5.50 (0.40) | |
LVESD (cm) (*** † ‡ §) | |||||||
Rest (NS) | 3.23 (0.20) | 3.12 (0.37) | 3.15 (0.33) | 3.11 (0.50) | 3.00 (0.43) | 3.04 (0.45) | |
Exercise (‡‡) | 3.37 (0.19) | 3.28 (0.40) | 3.31 (0.35) | 3.64 (0.57) | 3.12 (0.35) | 3.34 (0.52) | |
IVST (cm) (***) | |||||||
Rest (NS) | 1.18 (0.15) | 1.16 (0.19) | 1.17 (0.17) | 1.01 (0.14) | 1.12 (0.17) | 1.07 (0.17) | |
Exercise (NS) | 0.970.06) | 0.94 (0.16) | 0.95 (0.14) | 0.83 (0.14) | 0.93 (0.16) | 0.88 (0.16) | |
PWT (cm) (*** ‡) | |||||||
Rest (†) | 1.07 (0.15) | 1.07 (0.17) | 1.07 (0.16) | 0.99 (0.15) | 1.03 (0.12) | 1.02 (0.14) | |
Exercise (†††) | 0.88 (0.08) | 0.88 (0.11) | 0.88 (0.10) | 0.88 (0.12) | 0.89 (0.10) | 0.88 (0.11) | |
LVM (g) | 240 (38) | 220 (56) | 226 (51) | 229 (49) | 239 (52) | 234 (50) | |
LVMI (g/m2) | 146 (21) | 137 (29) | 140 (21) | 128 (27) | 147 (31) | 139 (30) | |
FS (%) (*** †††) | |||||||
Rest (†) | 35 (2) | 34 (4) | 34 (4) | 39 (7) | 39 (6) | 39 (6) | |
Exercise (‡) | 40 (5) | 38 (6) | 38 (5) | 37 (7) | 41 (5) | 39 (6) | |
EF (%) (*** ††) | |||||||
Rest (†) | 63 (2) | 63 (6) | 63 (6) | 69 (8) | 69 (7) | 69 (8) | |
Exercise (NS) | 67 (1) | 67 (7) | 67 (6) | 65 (10) | 71 (6) | 69 (8) | |
Vcf (circ/s) (*** ††) | |||||||
Rest (†) | 1.24 (0.30) | 1.14 (0.16) | 1.16 (0.19) | 1.38 (0.21) | 1.39 (0.33) | 1.38 (0.28) | |
Exercise (NS) | 1.41 (0.06) | 1.54 (0.19) | 1.52 (0.18) | 1.54 (0.24) | 1.66 (0.32) | 1.61 (0.29) | |
LVOT (cm) (†††) | |||||||
Rest (†††) | 1.91 (0.08) | 1.90 (0.09) | 1.90 (0.09) | 2.15 (0.15) | 2.09 (0.12) | 2.12 (0.13) |
23 mm | Overall | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | B | Total | M | B | Total | |
5.27 (0.34) | 5.28 (0.27) | 5.27 (0.31) | 5.16 (0.35) | 4.94 (0.38) | 5.04 (0.38) | |
5.75 (0.33) | 5.73 (0.25) | 5.74 (0.30) | 5.73 (0.34) | 5.39 (0.37) | 5.55 (0.39) | |
3.36 (0.43) | 3.26 (0.44) | 3.32 (0.43) | 3.25 (0.43) | 3.11 (0.42) | 3.17 (0.42) | |
3.51 (0.34) | 3.28 (0.39) | 3.42 (0.37) | 3.54 (0.42) | 3.21 (0.38) | 3.36 (0.43) | |
1.00 (0.19) | 1.07 (0.18) | 1.03 (0.19) | 1.03 (0.18) | 1.12 (0.18) | 1.08 (0.18) | |
0.83 (0.16) | 1.87 (0.11) | 0.85 (0.14) | 0.85 (0.14) | 0.92 (0.15) | 0.89 (0.15) | |
0.91 (0.16) | 0.98 (0.09) | 0.93 (0.14) | 0.97 (0.16) | 1.03 (0.13) | 1.00 (0.15) | |
0.78 (0.11) | 0.77 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.10) | 0.83 (0.12) | 0.86 (0.11) | 0.85 (0.11) | |
227 (59) | 251 (44) | 236 (54) | 218 (50) | 225 (49) | 222 (49) | |
130 (31) | 138 (20) | 133 (27) | 126 (28) | 135 (27) | 131 (28) | |
36 (6) | 38 (7) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | |
39 (4) | 43 (6) | 40 (5) | 38 (5) | 40 (6) | 39 (6) | |
65 (8) | 68 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | |
69 (4) | 73 (6) | 70 (6) | 67 (7) | 70 (7) | 69 (7) | |
1.22 (0.21) | 1.28 (0.23) | 1.24 (0.21) | 1.28 (0.22) | 1.28 (0.27) | 1.28 (0.25) | |
1.54 (0.17) | 1.69 (0.24) | 1.60 (0.21) | 1.54 (0.19) | 1.62 (0.27) | 1.59 (0.24) | |
2.20 (0.16) | 2.20 (0.16) | 2.21 (0.16) | 2.15 (0.17) | 2.06 (0.18) | 2.10 (0.18) |
Values are mean (SD).
Differences between resting and exercise values: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
Differences between prosthesis sizes: †p < 0.05; ††p < 0.01;†††p < 0.001.
Differences between mechanical and biological prostheses: ‡p < 0.05;‡‡p < 0.01.
Significant size–type interaction: §.
B, bioprosthesis; EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; FS, left ventricular fractional shortening; IVST, interventricular septal thickness; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic diameter; LVM, left ventricular mass; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; M, mechanical; PWT, posterior wall thickness; Vcf, left ventricular circumferential shortening velocity.