Echocardiographically measured indices of left ventricular structure and systolic function, at rest and during exercise, for 19 mm, 21 mm, and 23 mm pericardial bioprosthetic valves and bileaflet prostheses in the aortic position
| 19 mm | 21 mm | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | B | Total | M | B | Total | ||
| LVEDD (cm) (*** ‡) | |||||||
| Rest (†††) | 4.96 (0.26) | 4.71 (0.32) | 4.79 (0.32) | 5.12 (0.36) | 4.93 (0.35) | 5.01 (0.36) | |
| Exercise († ‡‡) | 5.61 (0.24) | 5.26 (0.41) | 5.35 (0.40) | 5.76 (0.30) | 5.30 (0.29) | 5.50 (0.40) | |
| LVESD (cm) (*** † ‡ §) | |||||||
| Rest (NS) | 3.23 (0.20) | 3.12 (0.37) | 3.15 (0.33) | 3.11 (0.50) | 3.00 (0.43) | 3.04 (0.45) | |
| Exercise (‡‡) | 3.37 (0.19) | 3.28 (0.40) | 3.31 (0.35) | 3.64 (0.57) | 3.12 (0.35) | 3.34 (0.52) | |
| IVST (cm) (***) | |||||||
| Rest (NS) | 1.18 (0.15) | 1.16 (0.19) | 1.17 (0.17) | 1.01 (0.14) | 1.12 (0.17) | 1.07 (0.17) | |
| Exercise (NS) | 0.970.06) | 0.94 (0.16) | 0.95 (0.14) | 0.83 (0.14) | 0.93 (0.16) | 0.88 (0.16) | |
| PWT (cm) (*** ‡) | |||||||
| Rest (†) | 1.07 (0.15) | 1.07 (0.17) | 1.07 (0.16) | 0.99 (0.15) | 1.03 (0.12) | 1.02 (0.14) | |
| Exercise (†††) | 0.88 (0.08) | 0.88 (0.11) | 0.88 (0.10) | 0.88 (0.12) | 0.89 (0.10) | 0.88 (0.11) | |
| LVM (g) | 240 (38) | 220 (56) | 226 (51) | 229 (49) | 239 (52) | 234 (50) | |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 146 (21) | 137 (29) | 140 (21) | 128 (27) | 147 (31) | 139 (30) | |
| FS (%) (*** †††) | |||||||
| Rest (†) | 35 (2) | 34 (4) | 34 (4) | 39 (7) | 39 (6) | 39 (6) | |
| Exercise (‡) | 40 (5) | 38 (6) | 38 (5) | 37 (7) | 41 (5) | 39 (6) | |
| EF (%) (*** ††) | |||||||
| Rest (†) | 63 (2) | 63 (6) | 63 (6) | 69 (8) | 69 (7) | 69 (8) | |
| Exercise (NS) | 67 (1) | 67 (7) | 67 (6) | 65 (10) | 71 (6) | 69 (8) | |
| Vcf (circ/s) (*** ††) | |||||||
| Rest (†) | 1.24 (0.30) | 1.14 (0.16) | 1.16 (0.19) | 1.38 (0.21) | 1.39 (0.33) | 1.38 (0.28) | |
| Exercise (NS) | 1.41 (0.06) | 1.54 (0.19) | 1.52 (0.18) | 1.54 (0.24) | 1.66 (0.32) | 1.61 (0.29) | |
| LVOT (cm) (†††) | |||||||
| Rest (†††) | 1.91 (0.08) | 1.90 (0.09) | 1.90 (0.09) | 2.15 (0.15) | 2.09 (0.12) | 2.12 (0.13) | |
| 23 mm | Overall | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | B | Total | M | B | Total | |
| 5.27 (0.34) | 5.28 (0.27) | 5.27 (0.31) | 5.16 (0.35) | 4.94 (0.38) | 5.04 (0.38) | |
| 5.75 (0.33) | 5.73 (0.25) | 5.74 (0.30) | 5.73 (0.34) | 5.39 (0.37) | 5.55 (0.39) | |
| 3.36 (0.43) | 3.26 (0.44) | 3.32 (0.43) | 3.25 (0.43) | 3.11 (0.42) | 3.17 (0.42) | |
| 3.51 (0.34) | 3.28 (0.39) | 3.42 (0.37) | 3.54 (0.42) | 3.21 (0.38) | 3.36 (0.43) | |
| 1.00 (0.19) | 1.07 (0.18) | 1.03 (0.19) | 1.03 (0.18) | 1.12 (0.18) | 1.08 (0.18) | |
| 0.83 (0.16) | 1.87 (0.11) | 0.85 (0.14) | 0.85 (0.14) | 0.92 (0.15) | 0.89 (0.15) | |
| 0.91 (0.16) | 0.98 (0.09) | 0.93 (0.14) | 0.97 (0.16) | 1.03 (0.13) | 1.00 (0.15) | |
| 0.78 (0.11) | 0.77 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.10) | 0.83 (0.12) | 0.86 (0.11) | 0.85 (0.11) | |
| 227 (59) | 251 (44) | 236 (54) | 218 (50) | 225 (49) | 222 (49) | |
| 130 (31) | 138 (20) | 133 (27) | 126 (28) | 135 (27) | 131 (28) | |
| 36 (6) | 38 (7) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | 37 (6) | |
| 39 (4) | 43 (6) | 40 (5) | 38 (5) | 40 (6) | 39 (6) | |
| 65 (8) | 68 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | |
| 69 (4) | 73 (6) | 70 (6) | 67 (7) | 70 (7) | 69 (7) | |
| 1.22 (0.21) | 1.28 (0.23) | 1.24 (0.21) | 1.28 (0.22) | 1.28 (0.27) | 1.28 (0.25) | |
| 1.54 (0.17) | 1.69 (0.24) | 1.60 (0.21) | 1.54 (0.19) | 1.62 (0.27) | 1.59 (0.24) | |
| 2.20 (0.16) | 2.20 (0.16) | 2.21 (0.16) | 2.15 (0.17) | 2.06 (0.18) | 2.10 (0.18) | |
Values are mean (SD).
Differences between resting and exercise values: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
Differences between prosthesis sizes: †p < 0.05; ††p < 0.01;†††p < 0.001.
Differences between mechanical and biological prostheses: ‡p < 0.05;‡‡p < 0.01.
Significant size–type interaction: §.
B, bioprosthesis; EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; FS, left ventricular fractional shortening; IVST, interventricular septal thickness; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic diameter; LVM, left ventricular mass; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; M, mechanical; PWT, posterior wall thickness; Vcf, left ventricular circumferential shortening velocity.