Comparison of warm up exercise tests: exercise intensity, heart rate, rate–pressure product, and ST depression at peak exercise
| Rest | Characteristics of warm up exercise | p Values | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slow warm up | Graded warm up | Fast warm up | Slow v rest | Graded + fast v slow | Fast v graded | |||
| Exercise duration (min) | − | 20 (20 to 20) | 7.4 (5.0 to 10.5) | 3 (3 to 3) | – | – | – | |
| Treadmill speed (km/h) | − | 2.7 (2.7 to 2.7) | 5.2 (4.4 to 6.7) | 5.0 (2.7 to 6.7) | – | – | – | |
| Treadmill gradient (%) | − | 0 (0 to 0) | 13.7 (12.5 to 16.0) | 13.6 (10.0 to 16.0) | – | – | – | |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 72 (57 to 100) | 87.3 (73 to 112) | 124 (96 to 144) | 134 (105 to 169) | < 0.00001 | < 0.00001 | 0.0001 | |
| Rate–pressure product (beats/min × mm Hg × 10−3) | 9.96 (7.42 to 13.00) | 13.2 (9.64 to 18.8) | 21.5 (16.8 to 28.8) | 23.3 (17.1 to 31.4) | < 0.00001 | < 0.00001 | 0.0035 | |
| ST depression at peak (mV) | 0.036 (0.02 to 0.06) | 0.035 (0.01 to 0.06) | 0.13 (0.09 to 0.20) | 0.13 (0.08 to 0.25) | 0.71 | < 0.00001 | 0.41 | |
Values are geometric mean (range).