Comparison of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with severe yellow oleander induced poisoning and those with either accidental or intentional digoxin overdose
| Cardiac rhythm | Frequency (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oleander intentional (n = 89) | Digoxin,11intentional (n = 70) | Digoxin,12 accidental No 1 (n = 926) | Digoxin,13 accidental No 2 (n = 101) | Digoxin,14 accidental No 3 (n = 43) | |
| Sinus bradycardia | 25 | NR | 4 | NR | 26 |
| Sinus exit block/arrest | 62 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 19 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 | 16 | 11 | 14 | 12 |
| Atrial flutter | 1 | 4 | 1 | NR | NR |
| Atrial tachycardia (± block) | 3 | 23 | 11 | 8 | 2 |
| Junctional rhythm | 3 | NR | 3 | 17 | 21 |
| Junctional bradycardia | 20 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Junctional tachycardia | 0 | 0 | 11 | NR | NR |
| Junctional rhythm with block | 6 | NR | 0 | NR | NR |
| 1st degree AV block | NR | 41 | 10 | NR | 33 |
| 2nd or 3rd degree AV block | 53 | 57 | 20 | 8 | 33 |
| (2nd/3rd degree) | (38/21) | (34/23) | (11/9) | NR | NR |
| Bundle branch block | 1 | 1 | NR | NR | NR |
| Ventricular ectopics | 8 | 33 | 52 | 40 | 16 |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 1 | 17 | 9 | 12 | 7 |
| Ventricular fibrillation | 0 | 13 | <1 | 0 | 3 |
| SA and AV block | 30 | NR | NR | 1 | NR |
AV, atrioventricular; NR, not reported; SA, sinoatrial.