Time intervals, and atrioventricular flow velocity and ratios, early and late after the Fontan operation
| Early | Late | Normal reference15 |
Early versus late (p value) |
Normal versus early (p value) |
Normal versus late (p value) | |
| R-R interval (ms) | 885 (111) | 723 (109) | – | < 0.001 | – | – |
| IVRT (ms) | 88 (13) | 86 (7) | – | NS | – | – |
| z score of IVRT | +2.5 (1.00) | +1.24 (0.8) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| E wave deceleration time (ms) | 119 (25) | 115 (27) | – | NS | – | – |
| z score of E wave deceleration time | −1.69 (1.31) | −2.4 (1.47) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.03 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| A wave deceleration time (ms) | 80 (12) | 73 (11) | – | 0.13 | – | – |
| E wave velocity (cm/s) | 47 (20) | 50 (11) | 92 (14) (3–8 years) 88 (14) (13–17 years) | NS | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| A wave velocity (cm/s) | 32 (12) | 33 (12) | 42 (11) (3–8 years) 39 (8) (13–17 years) | NS | 0.003 | 0.02 |
| E:A velocity ratio | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.6) | 2.4 (0.7) (3–8 years) 2.3 (0.6) (13–17 years) | NS | < 0.001 | 0.001 |
| E:(E + A) velocity ratio | 0.6 (0.07) | 0.6 (0.07) | – | NS | – | – |